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1) x2 - x - y2 - y = (x - y)(x + y) - (x + y) = (x - y - 1)(x + y)
2. x2 - 2xy + y2 - z2 = (x - y)2 - z2 = (x - y - z)(x - y + z)
3. 5x - 5y + ax - ay = 5(x - y) + a(x - y) = (a + 5)(x - y)
4. a3 - a2x - ay + xy = a2(a - x) - y(a - x) = (a2 - y)(a - x)
5. 4x2 - y2 + 4x + 1 = (2x + 1)2 - y2 = (2x + 1 - y)(2x + y + 1)
6. x3 - x + y3 - y = (x + y)(x2 - xy + y2) - (x + y) = (x + y)(x2 - xy + y2 - 1)
Trả lời:
1, x2 - x - y2 - y
= ( x2 - y2 ) - ( x + y )
= ( x - y ) ( x + y ) - ( x + y )
= ( x + y ) ( x - y - 1 )
2, x2 - 2xy + y2 - z2
= ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) - z2
= ( x - y )2 - x2
= ( x - y - z ) ( x - y + z )
3, 5x - 5y + ax - ay
= ( 5x + ax ) - ( 5y + ay )
= x ( 5 + a ) - y ( 5 + a )
= ( 5 + a ) ( x - y )
= ( 5 + a ) ( x - y )
4, a3 - a2x - ay + xy
= ( a3 - a2x ) - ( ay - xy )
= a2 ( a - x ) - y ( a - x )
= ( a - x ) ( a2 - y )
5, 4x2 - y2 + 4x + 1
= ( 4x2 + 4x + 1 ) - y2
= ( 2x + 1 )2 - y2
= ( 2x + 1 - y ) ( 2x + 1 + y )
6, x3 - x + y3 - y
= ( x3 + y3 ) - ( x + y )
= ( x + y ) ( x2 - xy + y ) - ( x + y )
= ( x + y ) ( x2 - xy + y - 1 )
a) \(4x^2+4x-3\)
\(=4x^2-2x+6x-3\)
\(=2x\left(2x-1\right)+3\left(2x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+3\right)\left(2x-1\right)\)
b) \(2x^2+xy-y^2\)
\(=2x^2+2xy-xy-y^2\)
\(=2x\left(x+y\right)-y\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(2x^3y-2xy^3-4xy^2-2xy\)
\(=2xy.\left(x^2-y^2-2y-1\right)\)
\(=2xy.[x^2-\left(y^2+2y+1\right)]\)
\(=2xy.[x^2-\left(y+1\right)^2]\)
\(=2xy.\left(x+y+1\right).\left(x-y-1\right)\)
Vậy chọn đáp án A
Bài giải:
a) x2 + 4x – y2 + 4 = (x2 + 4x + 4) - y2
= (x + 2)2 – y2 = (x + 2 – y)(x + 2 + y)
b) 3x2 + 6xy + 3y2 – 3z2 = 3[(x2 + 2xy + y2) – z2]
= 3[(x + y)2 – z2] = 3(x + y – z)(x + y + z)
c) x2 – 2xy + y2 – z2 + 2zt – t2 = (x2 – 2xy + y2) – (z2 – 2zt + t2)
= (x – y)2 – (z – t)2
= [(x – y) – (z – t)] . [(x – y) + (z – t)]
= (x – y – z + t)(x – y + z – t)
48. Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a) x2 + 4x – y2 + 4; b) 3x2 + 6xy + 3y2 – 3z2;
c) x2 – 2xy + y2 – z2 + 2zt – t2.
Bài giải:
a) x2 + 4x – y2 + 4 = (x2 + 4x + 4) - y2
= (x + 2)2 – y2 = (x + 2 – y)(x + 2 + y)
b) 3x2 + 6xy + 3y2 – 3z2 = 3[(x2 + 2xy + y2) – z2]
= 3[(x + y)2 – z2] = 3(x + y – z)(x + y + z)
c) x2 – 2xy + y2 – z2 + 2zt – t2 = (x2 – 2xy + y2) – (z2 – 2zt + t2)
= (x – y)2 – (z – t)2
= [(x – y) – (z – t)] . [(x – y) + (z – t)]
= (x – y – z + t)(x – y + z – t)
1) \(5x-5y+x\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=5\left(x-y\right)+x\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+5\right)\)
2) \(x^2+4x+3\)
\(=\left(x^2+x\right)+\left(3x+3\right)\)
\(=x\left(x+1\right)+3\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
3) \(x^2-2xy+y^2-z^2\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-z^2\)
\(=\left(x-y-z\right)\left(x-y+z\right)\)
4) \(x\left(x-5\right)-3x+15\)
\(=x\left(x-5\right)-3\left(x-5\right)\)
\(=\left(x-5\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
5) \(y^2-x^2+2x-1\)
\(=y^2-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\)
\(=y^2-\left(x-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+y-1\right)\left(y-x+1\right)\)
\(1.\left(x-y\right)\left(x+5\right)\)
\(2.\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
\(3.\left(x-y-z\right)\left(x-y+z\right)\)
\(4.\left(x-3\right)\left(x-5\right)\)
\(5.\left(y-x+1\right)\left(y+x+1\right)\)
\(7.\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2\)
\(8.\left(x-5\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
\(10.\left(y+1\right)\left(2x+z\right)\)
1)
5x - 5y + x ( x - y ) = (x-y)(5+x)
2)
x2+4x+3=x2+x+3x+3=(x+1)(x+3)
3)x2-2xy+y2-z2=\(\left(x-y\right)^2-z^2=\left(x-y-z\right)\left(x-y+z\right)\)
4)\(x\left(x-5\right)-3x+15=\left(x-3\right)\left(x-5\right)\)
1 \(=\left(4x^2+4x+1\right)-\left(3y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2-\left(3y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x+1-3y\right)\left(2x+1+3y\right)\)
2,\(=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-\left(z^2-2zt+t^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(z-t\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+y+z-t\right)\left(x+y-z+t\right)\)
3,\(=9x\left(x-y\right)-7\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(9x-7\right)\)
4\(=3\left(x-y\right)+a\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(3+a\right)\)