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\(M=\dfrac{2x+y}{xy}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{3\left(2x+y\right)}{16}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}+\dfrac{5}{16}\left(2x+y\right)\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{16}.3}+\dfrac{5}{16}.2\sqrt{2xy}=\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{11}{4}\).
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = 1; y = 2.
\(M=\dfrac{2x+y}{xy}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\)
\(M=\dfrac{3\left(2x+y\right)}{16}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}+\dfrac{5\left(2x+y\right)}{16}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{9\left(2x+y\right)}{16\left(2x+y\right)}}+\dfrac{5}{16}.2\sqrt{2xy}=\dfrac{11}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;2\right)\)
Ta có:
\(M=\dfrac{2x+y}{xx}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}=\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\right)+\dfrac{5}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\)
Có: \(\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\dfrac{3}{2x+y}}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2x+y}\)
Có: \(\dfrac{5}{8}\dfrac{2x+y}{2}\ge\dfrac{5}{8}\sqrt{2xy}=\dfrac{5}{4}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow2x=y,xy=2\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{11}{4}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=1,y=2\)
Vậy GTNN của M là \(\dfrac{11}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=1,y=2\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{y}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\ge\dfrac{1}{y}.\dfrac{4}{x+z}=\dfrac{4}{y\left(x+z\right)}\ge\dfrac{4}{\dfrac{\left(y+x+z\right)^2}{4}}=4\)
\(P_{min}=4\) khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{2};1;\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{xy}=\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{2xy}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2xy}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Schwarz : \(\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{2xy}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+2xy}=\dfrac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=4\)
Lại có \(\dfrac{1}{2xy}=\dfrac{2}{4xy}\ge\dfrac{2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=2\)
Cộng vế với vế được P \(\ge6\) ("=" khi x = y = 1/2)
Vậy Min P = 6 <=> x = y = 1/2
Biến đổi từ giả thiết
\(x^3+y^3+6xy\le8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-2\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2+2x+2y+4\right)\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y-2\le0\)
(Do \(x^2-xy+y^2+2x+2y+4=\left(x-\frac{y}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3y^2}{4}+2x+2y+4>0\forall x;y>0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y\le2\)
Và áp dụng các bđt \(\frac{1}{2ab}\ge\frac{2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\left(a;b>0\right)\)
Khi đó \(P=\left(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{ab}+ab\right)+\frac{3}{2ab}\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{a^2+b^2+2ab}+2+\frac{6}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+2+\frac{6}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
Dấu "=" <=> a= b = 1
Ta có: \(2x^3+2y^3-\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)=\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x+y\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^3+y^3}{x^2+y^2}\ge\dfrac{x+y}{2}\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{y^3+z^3}{y^2+z^2}\ge\dfrac{y+z}{2}\) ; \(\dfrac{z^3+x^3}{z^2+x^2}\ge\dfrac{z+x}{2}\)
Cộng vế: \(P\ge x+y+z\ge6\)
\(P_{min}=6\) khi \(x=y=z=2\)
\(3=x+y+xy\le\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}+\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{x^2+y^2}-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{x^2+y^2}+3\sqrt{2}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(x^2+y^2\right)\le-2\)
\(P=\sqrt{9-x^2}+\sqrt{9-y^2}+\dfrac{x+y}{4}\le\sqrt{2\left(9-x^2+9-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}}{4}\)
\(P\le\sqrt{2\left(18-x^2-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4}.\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)
\(P\le\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)\sqrt{18-x^2-y^2}+\sqrt[]{2}\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(18-x^2-y^2\right)}{2}}+\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{2}}\)
\(P\le\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right).\sqrt{18-2}+\sqrt{\left(2+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\left(\dfrac{18-x^2-y^2+x^2+y^2}{2}\right)}=\dfrac{1+8\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=1\)
Ta có:
\(P=\dfrac{5}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{3}{xy}=\dfrac{5}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{5}{2xy}+\dfrac{1}{2xy}\\ =5\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{1}{2xy}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2xy}\)
Với hai số dương \(x;y\) , bằng cách khai triển tương đương hai vế ta dễ dàng chứng minh được \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\) (BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz)
Áp dụng vào biểu thức P ta có:
\(P\ge5\left(\dfrac{4}{x^2+2xy+y^2}\right)+\dfrac{1}{2xy}\\ \ge5\left(\dfrac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\right)+\dfrac{2}{\left(x+y\right)^2"cosy"}\\ \ge\dfrac{5.4}{3^2}+\dfrac{2}{3^2}=\dfrac{22}{9}\)
Dấu \('='\) xảy ra khi \(x=y=\dfrac{3}{2}\)