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Ta có: \(y=1-3x\)
a/ \(M=3x^2+y^2=3x^2+\left(1-3x\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow12x^2-6x+1=\left(12x^2-\frac{2.2.3x}{2}+\frac{3}{4}\right)+\frac{1}{4}\)
\(=\left(2\sqrt{3}x-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)^2+\frac{1}{4}\ge\frac{1}{4}\)
Vậy GTNN là 0,25 đạt được khi x = 0,25
b/ \(N=xy=x\left(1-3x\right)=-3x^2+x\)
\(=\left(-3x^2+\frac{2.\sqrt{3}x}{2\sqrt{3}}-\frac{1}{12}\right)+\frac{1}{12}\)
\(=\frac{1}{12}-\left(\sqrt{3}x-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}\right)^2\le\frac{1}{12}\)
Vậy max là \(\frac{1}{12}\) đạt được khi \(x=\frac{1}{6}\)
Ta có : \(P=2x^2-8x+1=2\left(x^2-4x\right)+1=2\left(x^2-4x+4-4\right)+1=2\left(x-2\right)^2-7\)
Vì \(2\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
Nên : \(P=2\left(x-2\right)^2-7\ge-7\forall x\in R\)
Vậy \(P_{min}=-7\) khi x = 2
Ta có: \(\left(x^2+y^2+2xy+2yz+2xz\right)+\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2xz+z^2\right)=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-z\right)^2=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2\le3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z
Do đó \(-\sqrt{3}\le x+y+z\le\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow-\sqrt{3}\le A\le\sqrt{3}\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}Min_A=-\sqrt{3}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{-\sqrt{3}}{3}\\Max_A=\sqrt{3}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\end{cases}}\)
\(3x^2+2y^2+2z^2+2yz=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx\right)+\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2zx+z^2\right)=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-z\right)^2=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2=2-\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(x-z\right)^2\le2\)
\(\Rightarrow-\sqrt{2}\le x+y+z\le\sqrt{2}\)
\(B_{min}=-\sqrt{2}\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\x-z=0\\x+y+z=-\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=y=z=-\frac{\sqrt{2}}{3}\)
\(B_{max}=\sqrt{2}\) khi \(x=y=z=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{3}\)
a: \(A=3\left(x^2-3x+\dfrac{5}{3}\right)\)
\(=3\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{9}{4}-\dfrac{7}{12}\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{7}{4}\ge-\dfrac{7}{4}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=3/2
b: \(B=\left(x-1\right)\left(3x+4\right)\)
\(=3x^2+4x-3x-4\)
\(=3x^2+x-4\)
\(=3\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{3}x-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)\)
\(=3\left(x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{36}-\dfrac{49}{36}\right)\)
\(=3\left(x+\dfrac{1}{6}\right)^2-\dfrac{49}{12}\ge-\dfrac{49}{12}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-1/6
c: \(C=-\left(x^2+x+y^2-y-1\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{4}+y^2-y+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\)
\(=-\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{2}\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-1/2 và y=1/2
đáng lẽ phải là x^2+2x+3 chứ bạn
y-1=(3x^2+10x+11)/(x^2+2x+3)-1
y-1=(3x^2+10+11-x^2-2x-3)/(x^2+2x+3)
y-1=(2x^2+8x+8)/(x^2+2x+3)
y-1=2(x+2)^2/(x^2+2x+3)>=0
y>=1
=>Min y=1 khi x+2=0 hay x=-2
y-4=(3x^2+10x+11)/(x^2+2x+3)-4
y-4=(3x^2+10x+11-4x^2-8x-12)/(x^2+2x+3)
y-4=(-x^2+2x-1)/(x^2+2x+3)
y-4=-(x-1)^2/(x^2+2x+3)<=0
y<=4
=>Max y=4 khi x-1=0 hay x=1
Lời giải:
a)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(4M=(3x^2+y^2)(3+1)\geq (3x+y)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 4M\geq 1\Leftrightarrow M\geq \frac{1}{4}\)
Vậy \(M_{\min}=\frac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{4}\)
b) Với mọi \(x,y\in\mathbb{R}\Rightarrow (3x-y)^2\geq 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 9x^2+y^2-6xy\geq 0\Leftrightarrow (3x+y)^2-12xy\geq 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy\leq \frac{(3x+y)^2}{12}=\frac{1}{12}\)
Vậy \(K_{\max}=\frac{1}{12}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{6};y=\frac{1}{2}\)