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Ta có S m-n = (√2 + 1)m /(√2 + 1)n + (√2 - 1)m /(√2 - 1)n = (√2 + 1)m (√2 - 1)n + (√2 - 1)m (√2 + 1)n
Từ đó
S m+n + S m-n = (√2 + 1)m+n + (√2 - 1)m+n +(√2 + 1)m (√2 - 1)n + (√2 - 1)m (√2 + 1)n
= (√2 + 1)m [(√2 + 1)n + (√2 -1)n] + (√2 - 1)m [(√2 - 1)n + (√2 + 1)n]
= [(√2 + 1)n + (√2 - 1)n] [(√2 + 1)m + (√2 - 1)m]
= S m .S n
sorry mk ko bít!!! ^^
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Ta có: \(S_{m-n}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^m}{\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^n}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^m}{\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^n}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^m\cdot\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^n+\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^m\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^n\)
Do đó:
\(S_{m+n}+S_{m-n}=\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^{m+n}+\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^{m+n}+\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^m\cdot\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^n+\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^m\cdot\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^n\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^m\left[\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^n+\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^n\right]+\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^m\cdot\left[\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^n+\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^n\right]\)
\(=\left[\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^n+\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^n\right]\cdot\left[\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^m+\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^m\right]\)
\(=S_m\cdot S_n\)(đpcm)
Đặt \(\sqrt{2}+1=a\Rightarrow\sqrt{2}-1=\frac{1}{a}\)
\(\Rightarrow S_k=a^k+\frac{1}{a^k}\) ; \(S_{k+1}=a^{k+1}+\frac{1}{a^{k+1}}\) ;
\(S_1=a+\frac{1}{a}=\sqrt{2}+1+\sqrt{2}-1=2\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow S_k.S_{k+1}=\left(a^k+\frac{1}{a^k}\right)\left(a^{k+1}+\frac{1}{a^{k+1}}\right)\)
\(=a^k.a^{k+1}+\frac{a^k}{a^{k+1}}+\frac{a^{k+1}}{a^k}+\frac{1}{a^k.a^{k+1}}\)
\(=a^{2k+1}+\frac{1}{a^{2k+1}}+a+\frac{1}{a}\)
\(=S_{2k+1}+S_1=S_{2k+1}+2\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow S_k.S_{k+1}-S_{2k+1}=2\sqrt{2}\)
Thay \(k=2009\) vào ta được:
\(S_{2009}.S_{2010}-S_{4019}=2\sqrt{2}\) (đpcm)