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Đặt \(a-1=x>0,b-1=y>0\), ta có
\(A=\frac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{x}+\frac{\left(y+1^2\right)}{y}=\frac{x^2+2x+1}{x}+\frac{y^2+2y+1}{y}\)
\(=\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)+\left(y+\frac{1}{y}\right)+4\)
Với \(x>0,y>0\)ta có \(x+\frac{1}{x}\ge2,y+\frac{1}{y}\ge2\)nên \(A\ge8\)
\(Min_A=8\Leftrightarrow x=y=1\Leftrightarrow a=b=2\)
P/s tham khảo nha
Sử dụng \(AM-GM\)ta có :
\(\frac{a^2}{a-1}+4\left(a-1\right)\ge2\sqrt{\left(2a\right)^2}=4a\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{b^2}{b-1}+4\left(b-1\right)\ge4b\)
Cộng theo vế : \(A+4\left(a+b\right)-8\ge4\left(a+b\right)\)
\(< =>A\ge8\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(< =>a=b=2\)
Ta thấy: \(a+b\le1\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a\le1-b\\b\le1-a\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}1+a\le2-b\\1+b\le2-a\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{a}{1+b}\ge\frac{a}{2-a}\\\frac{b}{1+a}\ge\frac{b}{2-b}\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{1+b}+\frac{b}{1+a}\ge\frac{a}{2-a}+\frac{b}{2-b}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{a}{1+b}+\frac{b}{1+a}+\frac{1}{a+b}\ge\frac{a}{2-a}+\frac{b}{2-b}+\frac{1}{a+b}\)
\(=\frac{2}{2-a}-1+\frac{2}{2-b}-1+\frac{1}{a+b}=\frac{2}{2-a}+\frac{2}{2-b}+\frac{1}{a+b}-2\)
\(=2\left(\frac{1}{2-a}+\frac{1}{2-b}+\frac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}-1\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức sau: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2-a}+\frac{1}{2-b}+\frac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{9}{4-\left(a+b\right)+2\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{9}{4+a+b}\)
Lại có: \(a+b\le1\Rightarrow4+a+b\le5\Rightarrow\frac{9}{4+a+b}\ge\frac{9}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2-a}+\frac{1}{2-b}+\frac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{9}{5}\Leftrightarrow2\left(\frac{1}{2-a}+\frac{1}{2-b}+\frac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}-1\right)\ge\frac{8}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow S\ge\frac{8}{5}.\)
Vậy \(Min_S=\frac{8}{5}.\)Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{2}{5}.\)
a+b=2=> a=2-b
\(\Rightarrow\left(1-\frac{4}{a^2}\right)\left(1-\frac{4}{b^2}\right)=\left(\frac{a^2-4}{a^2}\right)\left(\frac{b^2-4}{b^2}\right)=\frac{\left(2-b\right)^2-4}{\left(2-b\right)^2}.\frac{b^2-4}{b^2}\)
=\(\frac{b^2-2b-8}{b^2-2b}\)
đặt A=\(\frac{b^2-2b-8}{b^2-2b}\)
đkxđ \(\hept{\begin{cases}b\ne0\\b\ne2\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow Ab^2-2bA=b^2-2b-8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(A-1\right)b^2-2\left(A-1\right)b+8=0\)
nếu A=1 => 8=0 (vô lý)
nếu A khác 1 pt có nghiệm khi \(\Delta\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left[-2\left(A-1\right)\right]^2-4\left(A-1\right).8\ge0\)
\(4A^2-40A+36\ge0\Leftrightarrow A^2-10A+9\ge0\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}A\le1\\A\ge9\end{cases}}\)
GTNN A=9 dấu "=" <=> a=b=1
bạn ơi mình đặt nhầm B thành A rồi bn tự sửa lại nhé!
\(B=\left(1-\frac{4}{a^2}\right)\left(1-\frac{4}{b^2}\right)=\left(1-\frac{2}{a}\right)\left(1-\frac{2}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{2}{a}\right)\left(1+\frac{2}{b}\right)\)
\(=\frac{\left(2-a\right)\left(2-b\right)\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)}{a^2b^2}=\frac{ab.\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)}{a^2b^2}=\frac{ab+2\left(a+b\right)+4}{ab}=\frac{8}{ab}+1\)
Theo BĐT Cauchy thì : \(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\Rightarrow ab\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\)
Suy ra : \(A\ge\frac{8}{\frac{2^2}{4}}+1=9\).Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = 1/2
Vậy ......................................
2. \(BĐT\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1+\frac{2}{a}}+\frac{1}{1+\frac{2}{b}}+\frac{1}{1+\frac{2}{c}}\ge1\)
Đặt\(\frac{2}{a}=x;\frac{2}{b}=y;\frac{2}{c}=z\)thì \(\hept{\begin{cases}x,y,z>0\\xyz=8\end{cases}}\)
Ta cần chứng minh \(\frac{1}{1+x}+\frac{1}{1+y}+\frac{1}{1+z}\ge1\Leftrightarrow\left(yz+y+z+1\right)+\left(zx+z+x+1\right)+\left(xy+x+y+1\right)\ge xyz+\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+\left(x+y+z\right)+1\)\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\ge6\)(Đúng vì \(x+y+z\ge3\sqrt[3]{xyz}=6\))
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 2 hay a = b = c = 1
3. Ta có: \(a+b+c\le\sqrt{3}\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le3\)
Ta có đánh giá quen thuộc \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Từ đó suy ra \(ab+bc+ca\le1\)
\(A=\frac{\sqrt{a^2+1}}{b+c}+\frac{\sqrt{b^2+1}}{c+a}+\frac{\sqrt{c^2+1}}{a+b}\ge\frac{\sqrt{a^2+ab+bc+ca}}{b+c}+\frac{\sqrt{b^2+ab+bc+ca}}{c+a}+\frac{\sqrt{c^2+ab+bc+ca}}{a+b}\)\(=\frac{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}{b+c}+\frac{\sqrt{\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}}{c+a}+\frac{\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}{a+b}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}=3\)Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Ta có:
\(A=\frac{a^2}{b-1}+\frac{b^2}{a-1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{b-1}.\frac{b^2}{a-1}}\)
\(=2.\frac{a}{\sqrt{a-1}}.\frac{b}{\sqrt{b-1}}\)
Vì \(\frac{a}{\sqrt{a-1}}\ge2;\frac{b}{\sqrt{b-1}}\ge2\Rightarrow A\ge8\)
=> min A=8 <=> a=b=2
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có :
\(A=\frac{a^2}{b-1}+\frac{b^2}{a-1}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a+b-2}\)
Đặt a + b - 2 = x => x > 0
Khi đó \(A\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a+b-2}=\frac{\left(x+2\right)^2}{x}=\frac{x^2+4x+4}{x}=\left(x+\frac{4}{x}\right)+4\ge2\sqrt{x\cdot\frac{4}{x}}+4=8\)( AM-GM )
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x = 2 => a=b=2
Vậy MinA = 8 <=> a=b=2