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\(1.\) Cho \(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}=1\) \(\left(1\right)\)
\(CMR:\) \(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}=0\)
\(----------------------\)
Ta có:
Từ \(\left(1\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\) \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\right)=a+b+c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{ab}{c+a}+\frac{ca}{a+b}+\frac{ab}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{bc}{a+b}+\frac{ca}{b+c}+\frac{bc}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}=a+b+c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\left(\frac{ab}{b+c}+\frac{ca}{b+c}\right)+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\left(\frac{ab}{c+a}+\frac{bc}{c+a}\right)+\frac{c^2}{a+b}+\left(\frac{ca}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{a+b}\right)=a+b+c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+a+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+b+\frac{c^2}{a+b}+c=a+b+c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}=0\) \(\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có: \(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=-c\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3=-c^3\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)=-c^3\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=-3ab.\left(-c\right)=3abc\)
Mặt khác: \(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow a^2=\left(-b-c\right)^2=\left(b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2-b^2-c^2=\left(b+c\right)^2-b^2-c^2=2bc\)
Tương tự ta có: \(b^2-a^2-c^2=2ca\)
\(c^2-a^2-b^2=2ab\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{a^2}{2ab}+\frac{b^2}{2ca}+\frac{c^2}{2ab}=\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{2abc}=\frac{3abc}{2abc}=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2-3ab\right]=0\)
Do \(a+b+c\ne0\) nên \(\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2-3ab=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-ca+a^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(N=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{3a^2}{\left(3a\right)^2}=\frac{3a^2}{9a^2}=\frac{1}{3}\)
...
Hình như bạn viết đề hơi ngược mình nghĩ là :
Cho a,b,c khác 0 Chứng minh rằng : \(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{c^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}\ge\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{a}{c}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM - GM ta có :
\(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{c^2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{b^2}\cdot\frac{b^2}{c^2}}=2.\frac{a}{c}\)
Tương tự có : \(\frac{b^2}{c^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}\ge2\cdot\frac{b}{a}\), \(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}\ge2\cdot\frac{c}{b}\)
Khi đó : \(2\left(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{c^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}\right)\ge2\left(\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{a}{c}\right)\)
Hay : \(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{c^2}+\frac{c^2}{a^2}\ge\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{a}{c}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
ミ★NVĐ^^★彡a,b,c đã cho ko âm đâu???