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\(a^2+b^2=20\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2-2ab=20\Leftrightarrow2^2-2ab=20\Rightarrow ab=-8\)
\(M=a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)^3-3a^2b-3ab^2=\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)=2^3-3.\left(-8\right).2=56\)
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2-3ab\right]=0\)
Do \(a+b+c\ne0\) nên \(\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2-3ab=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-ca+a^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(N=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{3a^2}{\left(3a\right)^2}=\frac{3a^2}{9a^2}=\frac{1}{3}\)
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Ta có: \(M=a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)+6a^2b^2\cdot\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)+3ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)+6a^2b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=a^2-ab+b^2+3ab\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=a^2-ab+b^2+3ab\cdot\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=a^2-ab+3ab+b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=\left(a+b\right)^2=1^2=1\)
Vậy: Khi a+b=1 thì M=1
Xét \(a+b=2\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2=4\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2=4\Leftrightarrow20+2ab=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2ab=-16\Leftrightarrow ab=-8\)
Vậy \(M=a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)=2.\left[20-\left(-8\right)\right]=20.28=560\)