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\(P=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)-4x^2=\left(x-y-x-y\right)^2-\left(2x\right)^2=\left(-2y\right)^2-\left(2x\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2y-2x\right)\left(2y+2x\right)=2\left(y-x\right)2\left(y+x\right)=4\left(x+y\right)\left(y-x\right)\)
\(x^3-x^2y+3x-3y=x^2\left(x-y\right)+3\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+3\right)\)
\(x^3-2x^2-4xy^2+x=x\left(x^2-2x+1-4y^2\right)=x\left[\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^2\right]=x\left(x+2y-1\right)\left(x-2y-1\right)\)
\(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)-8=\left(x^2+7x+10\right)\left(x^2+7x+12\right)-8\)
Đặt \(x^2+7x+10=t\), ta có:
\(t\left(t+2\right)-8=t^2+2t-8=t^2-2t+4t-8=t\left(t-2\right)+4\left(t-2\right)=\left(t-2\right)\left(t+4\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x+10+4\right)\left(x^2+7x+10-2\right)=\left(x^2+7x+14\right)\left(x^2+7x-8\right)\)
Bài 62: 25x2y6-60xy4z2+36y2z4=(5xy3)2-2.5xy3.(6yz2)2
Bài 63: 1/9u4v6-1/3u5v4+(1/2u3v)=(1/3u2v3)-2.1/3u2v3.1/2u2v3+(1/2u3v)
=> x3 - x2 - 6x2 + 6x + 6x - 6 = 0
=> x2(x - 1) - 6x(x - 1) + 6(x - 1) = 0
=> (x - 1)(x2 - 6x + 6) = 0
=> x - 1 = 0 hoặc x2 - 6x + 6 = 0
=> x = 1 hoặc x2 - 6x + 6 = 0
Ta có: x2 - 6x + 6 = x2 - 2.x.3 + 9 - 9 + 6
= (x -3)2 - 3 lớn hơn hoặc bằng - 3
=> x2 - 6x + 6 >0
=> x= 1. Vậy x = 1
Bài tập 1:
a) \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)\(=\left[\left(a+b\right)+c\right]^2\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^2+2\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\)
\(=a^2+2ab+b^2+2ac+2bc+c^2\)
\(=a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca\)
b) \(\left(a+b-c\right)^2=\left[\left(a+b\right)-c\right]^2\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^2-2\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\)
\(=a^2+2ab+b^2-2ac-2bc+c^2\)
\(=a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab-2bc-2ca\)
c) \(\left(a-b-c\right)^2=\left[\left(a-b\right)-c\right]^2\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)^2-2\left(a-b\right)c+c^2\)
\(=a^2-2ab+b^2-2ac+2bc+c^2\)
\(=a^2+b^2+c^2-2ab+2bc-2ca\)
Bài tập 2:
\(49x^2-70x+25=\left(7x\right)^2-2.7x.5+5^2\)
\(=\left(7x-5\right)^2\)
a) Với x = 5 ta có: \(\left(7x-5\right)^2=\left(7.5-5\right)^2\)
\(=30^2=900\)
b) Với x = \(\dfrac{1}{7}\) ta có: \(\left(7x-5\right)^2=\left(7.\dfrac{1}{7}-5\right)^2\)
\(=\left(-4\right)^2=16\)
Vậy ...
a/CM: \(\left(\frac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\ge ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2\ge0\) ( luôn đúng với mọi a,b>0)
CM: \(\frac{a^2+b^2}{2}\ge\left(\frac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{4}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2\ge2ab\) ( luôn đúng)
b/CM: \(\frac{a^3+b^3}{2}\ge\left(\frac{a+b}{2}\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4\left(a^3+b^3\right)}{8}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^3}{8}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^3+b^3\right)\ge3a^2b+3ab^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2\left(a-b\right)+b^2\left(b-a\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a+b\right)\ge0\) ( luôn đúng với mọi a,b>0)
c/CM: \(a^4+b^4\ge a^3b+ab^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3\left(a-b\right)-b^3\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+b^2+ab\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+\frac{2ab}{2}+\frac{b^2}{4}+\frac{3b^2}{4}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(\left(a+\frac{b}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3b^2}{4}\right)\ge0\) ( luôn đúng)
d/Ta xét hiệu: \(a^4-4a+3\)
\(=a^4-2a^2+1+2a^2-4a+2\)
\(=\left(a-1\right)^2+2\left(a-1\right)^2\ge0\)
Suy ra BĐT luôn đúng
e/Ta xét hiệu:( Làm nhanh)
\(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc\)\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right)\ge0\)
f/Ta có: \(\frac{a^6}{b^2}-a^4+\frac{a^2b^2}{4}+\frac{b^6}{a^2}-b^4+\frac{a^2b^2}{4}\)
\(=\left(\frac{a^3}{b}-\frac{ab}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{b^3}{a}-\frac{ab}{2}\right)^2\ge0\)(1)
Mà \(\frac{a^2b^2}{4}+\frac{a^2b^2}{4}\ge0\)(2)
Lấy (1) trừ (2) được: \(\frac{a^6}{b^2}+\frac{b^6}{a^2}-a^4-b^4\ge0\RightarrowĐPCM\)
g/Làm rồi..xem lại trong trang cá nhân
h/Xét hiệu có: \(\left(a^5+b^5\right)\left(a+b\right)-\left(a^4+b^4\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(=a^5b+ab^5-a^2b^4-a^4b^2\)
\(=a^4b\left(a-b\right)-ab^4\left(a-b\right)\)
\(=ab\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(a-b\right)\)
\(=ab\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall ab>0\)
Suy ra ĐPCM
2. Chứng minh rằng 12 +22 + 32 +......+n2 = \(\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}{6}\)
HELPPPP
\(1^2+2^2+...+n^2=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}{6}\)(*)
Với n=1, ta có (*) luôn đúng
Giả sử (*) đúng với n=k ta có:
\(1^2+2^2+...+k^2=\frac{k\left(k+1\right)\left(2k+1\right)}{6}\) (1)
Ta sẽ chứng minh (*) đúng với n=k+1, thật vậy từ (1) suy ra:
\(1^2+2^2+...+k^2+\left(k+1\right)^2=\frac{k\left(k+1\right)\left(2k+1\right)}{6}+\left(k+1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(k+1\right)\left[\frac{k\left(2k+1\right)}{6}+\left(k+1\right)\right]\)\(=\frac{\left(k+1\right)\left(2k^2+k+6k+6\right)}{6}\)
\(=\frac{\left(k+1\right)\left(2k^2+7k+6\right)}{6}=\frac{\left(k+1\right)\left(2k^2+4k+3k+6\right)}{6}\)
\(=\frac{\left(k+1\right)\left[2k\left(k+2\right)+3\left(k+2\right)\right]}{6}=\frac{\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)\left(2k+3\right)}{6}\)
Theo nguyên lý qui nạp (*) đúng với mọi n thuộc N*
Vậy ta có điều phải chứng minh
a) \(73^2-27^2=\left(73+27\right)\left(73-27\right)=100.46=4600\)
b) \(55^2+20^2-25^2+40.45=\left(55^2-25^2\right)+\left(20^2+40.45\right)\)
\(=\left(55-25\right)\left(55+25\right)+\left(40.10+40.45\right)=30.80+40.55\)
\(=40\left(60+55\right)=40.115=4600\)