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a/
$A-3=\frac{2003}{2004}+\frac{2004}{2005}+\frac{2005}{2003}-3$
$=(1-\frac{1}{2004})+(1-\frac{1}{2005})+(1+\frac{2}{2003})-3$
$=\frac{2}{2003}-\frac{1}{2004}-\frac{1}{2005}$
$=(\frac{1}{2003}-\frac{1}{2004})+(\frac{1}{2003}-\frac{1}{2005})$
$>0+0=0$
$\Rightarrow A>3$
b/
$B=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+....+\frac{1}{2015^2}$
$< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2014.2015}$
$=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2014}-\frac{1}{2015}$
$=1-\frac{1}{2015}<1$
A = 1 + 31 + 32 + 33 + ... + 320
3A = 3( 1 + 31 + 32 + 33 + ... + 320 )
3A = 3 + 32 + 33 + 34 + ... + 321
3A - A = ( 3 + 32 + 33 + 34 + ... + 321 ) - ( 1 + 31 + 32 + 33 + ... + 320 )
=> 2A = 3 + 32 + 33 + 34 + ... + 321 - 1 - 31 - 32 - 33 + ... - 320
2A = 2 + 321
A = \(\frac{2+3^{21}}{2}\); B = \(\frac{3^{21}}{2}\)
Vì 2 + 321 > 321
=> \(\frac{2+3^{21}}{2}\)> \(\frac{3^{21}}{2}\)hay A > B
A=1+ 31+32+33+...+320
3A = 3 + 3^2 + 3^3 + ... + 3^21
2A = 3^21 - 1
A = 3^21 - 1/2
3^21-1 < 3^21
=> 3^21-1/2 < 3^21/2
=> A < B
Ta có: 100..........0000 = 10100
2300 = (23)100 = 8100
Mà 8 > 10 => 10100 > 8100
Vậy 10000.........0000 (có 100 chữ số 0) > 2300
b) Ta có :
D = 1030 = ( 103 )10 = 100010
B = 2100 = ( 210 )10 = 102410
Mà 100010 < 102410 => 1030 < 2100 hay D < B
Vậy D < B
a) Ta có :
A = 20 + 21 + ... + 22010
=> 2A = 21 + 22 + ... + 22011
=> A = ( 21 + 22 + ... + 22011 ) - ( 20 + 21 + ... + 22010 )
=> A = 22011 - 20 = 22011 - 1
Mà B = 22011 - 1 => A = B
Vậy A = B
\(A=\left[\frac{1}{2^2}-1\right]\left[\frac{1}{3^2}-1\right]\left[\frac{1}{4^2}-1\right]\cdot...\cdot\left[\frac{1}{100^2}-1\right]\)
\(=\frac{-3}{2^2}\cdot\frac{-8}{3^2}\cdot\frac{-15}{4^2}\cdot...\cdot\frac{-9999}{100^2}\)
\(=\frac{-1\cdot3}{2\cdot2}\cdot\frac{-2\cdot4}{3\cdot3}\cdot\frac{-3\cdot5}{4\cdot4}\cdot...\cdot\frac{-99\cdot101}{100\cdot100}\)
\(=\frac{-1\cdot2\cdot3\cdot...\cdot99}{2\cdot3\cdot...\cdot100}\cdot\frac{3\cdot4\cdot5\cdot...\cdot101}{2\cdot3\cdot...\cdot100}\)
\(=-\frac{1}{100}\cdot\frac{101}{2}=-\frac{101}{200}\)
Mà \(-\frac{101}{200}< -\frac{1}{2}\)
nên \(A< -\frac{1}{2}\)
\(A=\left(\frac{1}{2^2}-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{3^2}-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{4^2}-1\right)...\left(\frac{1}{100^2}-1\right)\)
\(A=\left(\frac{1}{4}-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{9}-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{16}-1\right)...\left(\frac{1}{10000}-1\right)\)
\(A=\frac{-3}{4}.\frac{-8}{9}.\frac{-15}{16}...\frac{-9999}{10000}\)
\(A=\frac{-1.3}{2.2}.\frac{-2.4}{3.3}.\frac{-3.5}{4.4}...\frac{-99.101}{100.100}\)
\(A=\frac{\left(-1\right)\left(-2\right)\left(-3\right)...\left(-99\right)}{2.3.4...100}.\frac{3.4.5...101}{2.3.4...100}\)
\(A=-\frac{1}{100}.\frac{101}{2}\)
\(A=-\frac{101}{200}\)
\(\text{Vậy A=}-\frac{101}{200}\)
1/2 = 1/1.2 ; 1/2^2 < 1/1.2 ; 1/2^3 < 1/2.3 ; .... ; 1/2^100 < 1/99.100
=> 1/2 + 1/2^2 + 1/2^3 + .... + 1/2^100 > 1/1.2 + 1/2.3 + 1/3.4 + .... + 1/99.100 = 1/1 - 1/2 + 1/2 - 1/3 + ... + 1/99 - 1/100
=> 1/2 + 1/2^2 + 1/2^3 + ... + 1/2^100 > 1 - 1/100 = 99/100
mà 99/100 < 1
=> A < 1
Ta có :
\(A=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^{100}}\)
=> \(2A=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\)
=> \(2A-A=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^{100}}\right)\)
=> \(A=1-\frac{1}{2^{100}}\)
Ta thấy : \(\frac{1}{2^{100}}>0\) => \(1-\frac{1}{2^{100}}<1\) => \(A<1\)