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Ta có: b2 = ac => \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}\); c2 = bd => \(\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}\); d2 = ce => \(\frac{c}{d}=\frac{d}{e}\); e2 = df => \(\frac{d}{e}=\frac{e}{f}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{d}{e}=\frac{e}{f}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^5}{b^5}=\frac{b^5}{c^5}=\frac{c^5}{d^5}=\frac{d^5}{e^5}=\frac{e^5}{f^5}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\frac{a^5}{b^5}=\frac{b^5}{c^5}=\frac{c^5}{d^5}=\frac{d^5}{e^5}=\frac{e^5}{f^5}=\frac{a^5+b^5+c^5+d^5+e^5}{b^5+c^5+d^5+e^5+f^5}\)(1)
Lại có: \(\frac{a^5}{b^5}=\frac{a}{b}.\frac{a}{b}.\frac{a}{b}.\frac{a}{b}.\frac{a}{b}=\frac{a}{b}.\frac{b}{c}.\frac{c}{d}.\frac{d}{e}.\frac{e}{f}=\frac{a}{f}\)(2)
Từ (1), (2) \(\Rightarrow\frac{a^5+b^5+c^5+d^5+e^5}{b^5+c^5+d^5+e^5+f^5}=\frac{a}{f}\)(đpcm)
a)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+m^2-a(b+c+d+m)\)
\(=\frac{4a^2+4b^2+4c^2+4d^2+4m^2-4a(b+c+d+m)}{4}\)
\(=\frac{(a^2+4b^2-4ab)+(a^2+4c^2-4ac)+(a^2+4d^2-4ad)+(a^2+4m^2-4am)}{4}\)
\(=\frac{(a-2b)^2+(a-2c)^2+(a-2d)^2+(a-2m)^2}{4}\geq 0\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=2b=2c=2d=2m\)
b)
Xét hiệu
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}-\frac{4}{x+y}=\frac{x+y}{xy}-\frac{4}{x+y}=\frac{(x+y)^2-4xy}{xy(x+y)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+y^2-2xy}{xy(x+y)}=\frac{(x-y)^2}{xy(x+y)}\geq 0, \forall x,y>0\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\geq \frac{4}{x+y}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $x=y$
c)
Xét hiệu:
\((a^2+c^2)(b^2+d^2)-(ab+cd)^2\)
\(=(a^2b^2+a^2d^2+c^2b^2+c^2d^2)-(a^2b^2+2abcd+c^2d^2)\)
\(=a^2d^2-2abcd+b^2c^2=(ad-bc)^2\geq 0\)
\(\Rightarrow (a^2+c^2)(b^2+d^2)\geq (ab+cd)^2\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(ad=bc\)
d)
Xét hiệu:
\(a^2+b^2-(a+b-\frac{1}{2})=a^2+b^2-a-b+\frac{1}{2}\)
\(=(a^2-a+\frac{1}{4})+(b^2-b+\frac{1}{4})\)
\(=(a-\frac{1}{2})^2+(b-\frac{1}{2})^2\geq 0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2\geq a+b-\frac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
a2+b2+c2+d2+e2 ≥ a(b+c+d+e)
⇔a2+b2+c2+d2+e2−ab−ac−ad−ae ≥ 0
⇔4a2+4b2+4c2+4d2+4e2−4ab−4ac−4ad−4ae ≥ 0
⇔(a2−4ab+4b2)+(a2−4ac+4c2).....≥0
⇔(a−2b)2+(a−2c)2...≥0
b1: ta có: a^2+b^2 >0 ; b^2 +c^2>0 ; c^2 +a^2>0
=> \(a^2+b^2\ge2\sqrt{a^2.b^2}\) (BĐT cau chy)
\(b^2+c^2\ge2\sqrt{b^2.c^2}\) (BĐT cau chy)
\(c^2+a^2\ge2\sqrt{c^2.a^2}\)(BĐT cauchy)
=>\(\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(b^2+c^2\right)\left(c^2+a^2\right)\ge8a^2.b^2.c^2\)
Dấu '= xảy ra khi a=b=c (đpcm)