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a, \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
b, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.98=19,6\left(g\right)\)
c, \(C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{19,6}{50}.100\%=39,2\%\)
d, Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
$a) 2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
$b) n_{Al} = \dfrac{10,8}{27} = 0,4(mol)$
Theo PTHH : $n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} = 0,6(mol)$
$m_{H_2SO_4} = 0,6.98 = 58,8(gam)$
$c) n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al} = 0,2(mol) \Rightarrow m_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,2.342 = 68,4(gam)$
$d) n_{H_2} = n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,6(mol) \Rightarrow V_{H_2} = 0,6.22,4 = 13,44(lít)$
\(a,2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(b.n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(Theo.PTHH\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=1,5.0,4=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=n.M=0,6.98=58,8\left(g\right)\)
\(c,Theo.PTHH\Rightarrow n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,5.0,4=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=n.M=0,2.342=68,4\left(g\right)\\ d,V_{H_2\left(dktc\right)}=n.22,4=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
0,4-->0,6---------->0,2------->0,6
=> \(C_{M\left(dd.H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,15}=4M\)
b) VH2 = 0,6.22,4 = 13,44 (l)
c) \(C_{M\left(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,15}=\dfrac{4}{3}M\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,4 0,6 0,2 0,6
\(C_M_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,15}=4M\\ V_{H_2}=0,622,4=13,44L\)
\(C_M=\dfrac{0,2}{0,15}=1,3M\)
\(a.PTHH:2X+3H_2SO_4--->X_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
b. Ta có: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{17,64}{98}=0,18\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_X=\dfrac{2}{3}.n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,18=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M_X=\dfrac{3,24}{0,12}=27\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
Vậy X là kim loại nhôm (Al)
\(c.PTHH:2Al+3H_2SO_4--->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,12=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,06.342=20,52\left(g\right)\)
d. Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,18\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,18.22,4=4,032\left(lít\right)\)
a)
Gọi hóa trị của kim loại M là n
M + nHCl → MCln + n/2H2
nHCl = = 0,6 mol
nM = => MM = = 12n
=> Với n = 2 và MM = 24 g/mol là giá trị thỏa mãn
Kim loại M là Magie (Mg)
\(a,X+2HCl\rightarrow XCl_2+H_2\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ n_X=n_{XCl_2}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}=\dfrac{0,6}{2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ b,M_X=\dfrac{7,2}{0,3}=24\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Rightarrow X:Magie\left(Mg=24\right)\\ c,m_{MgCl_2}=0,3.95=28,5\left(g\right)\\ d,V_{H_2\left(\text{đ}ktc\right)}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
c, \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)
d, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{7,3\%}=200\left(g\right)\)
⇒ m dd sau pư = 13 + 200 - 0,2.2 = 212,6 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{27,2}{212,6}.100\%\approx12,79\%\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ a,Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ b,n_{HCl}=0,4.2=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl}=0.8.36,5=29,2\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{H_2}=n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ m_{FeCl_2}=0,4.127=50,8\left(g\right)\\ d,V_{H_2\left(dktc\right)}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\)
a, \(m_{HCl}=150.7,3\%=10,95\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{10,95}{36,5}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Mg}=n_{MgCl_2}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6\left(g\right)\)
b, \(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
c, Ta có: m dd sau pư = 3,6 + 150 - 0,15.2 = 153,3 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,15.95}{153,3}.100\%\approx9,3\%\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200.9,8}{100}=19,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{19,6}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(X+H_2SO_4\rightarrow XSO_4+H_2\)
0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2
\(M_X=\dfrac{8}{0,2}=40\left(dvC\right)\)
-> Canxi
\(b,V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(c,m_{CaSO_4}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddCaSO_4}=8+200-\left(0,2.2\right)=207,6\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%=\dfrac{27,2}{207,6}.100\%\approx13,1\%\)