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\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{13,8}{23}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
0,6 0,6 0,3
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\ c,m_{\text{dd}}=13,8+286,8-\left(0,3.2\right)=300\left(g\right)\\ C\%=\dfrac{0,6.40}{300}.100\%=8\%\)
\(n_{Na}\) = \(\dfrac{13,8}{23}\) = 0,6 mol
Theo PTHH:
a) \(2Na+2H_2O\underrightarrow{t^o}2NaOH+H_2\)
2 2 2 1 (mol)
0,6 \(\rightarrow\) 0,6 \(\rightarrow\) 0,6 \(\rightarrow\) 0,3 (mol)
b) \(V_{H_2}\) = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72l
c) \(m_{dd}\) = 13,8 + 286,8 - 0,3.2 = 300g
\(C\%\) = \(\dfrac{0,6.40}{300}\).100% = 8%
Đặt nMg=a(mol); nAl=b(mol)
PTHH: Mg +2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2
a________2a_______a_____a(mol)
2 Al + 6 HCl -> 2 AlCl3 +3 H2
b_____3b____b_____1,5b(mol)
Ta có hpt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+27b=7,8\\a+1,5b=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> %mMg=[(0,1.24)/7,8].100=30,769%
=>%mAl= 69,231%
c) MgCl2 + 2 NaOH -> Mg(OH)2 + 2 NaCl
0,1_______________0,1(mol)
AlCl3 + 3 NaOH -> Al(OH)3 + 3 NaCl
0,2____________0,2(mol)
=> m=m(kết tủa)= mMg(OH)2+ mAl(OH)3= 58.0,1+ 78.0,2= 21,4(g)
Sửa đề 200ml dd HCl
\(a,n_{HCl}=0,2.0,1=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
0,02<----0,02
\(C_{M\left(NaOH\right)}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,5}=0,04M\)
b) Muối thu được là NaCl phản ứng được với H2O, AgNO3
\(2NaCl+2H_2O\xrightarrow[\text{có màng ngăn}]{\text{điện phân}}2NaOH+Cl_2\uparrow+H_2\uparrow\\ NaCl+AgNO_3\rightarrow AgCl\downarrow+NaNO_3\)
\(n_{Na}=0.02\left(mol\right)\)
\(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
\(0.02....................0.02........0.01\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.01\cdot22.4=0.224\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{NaOH}=0.02\cdot40=0.8\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0.8}{0.46+200-0.01\cdot2}\cdot100\%=0.4\%\)
\(m_{H_2O}=37,6.1=37,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddNaOH}=12,4+37,6=50\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{12,4}{50}.100=24,8\%\)
Ta có: \(D_{H_2O}=1\left(g/mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=37,6.1=37,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{12,4.100\%}{37,6}=32,98\%\)
a, \(n_{KOH}=\dfrac{8,4}{56}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{KOH}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,5}=0,3\left(M\right)\)
b, \(n_{KOH\left(trong300mlA\right)}=0,3.0,3=0,09\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi: VH2O = a (l)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_A}=0,2=\dfrac{0,09}{a+0,3}\Rightarrow a=0,15\left(l\right)=150\left(ml\right)\)