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a)\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)
\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
0,2 0,1
\(NaO+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
b)\(m_{Na}=0,2\cdot23=4,6g\)
\(m_{NaO}=m_{hh}-m_{Na}=40,5-4,6=35,9g\)
c)\(n_{NaO}=\dfrac{35,9}{39}=0,92mol\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=2n_{NaO}=1,84mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=1,84\cdot40=73,6g\)
nNa2O = 6,2 : 62 = 0,1 (mol)
pthh : Na2O + H2O-t--> 2NaOH
0,1 -------------------> 0,2 (mol)
=> mNaOH = 0,2 . 40 = 8 (g)
\(n_K=\dfrac{7,8}{39}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:2K+2H_2O->2KOH+H_2\)
0,2 0,2 0,2 0,1
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(L\right)\)
\(m_{H_2O}=0,2.18=3,6\left(g\right)\\
m_{KOH}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)
a) \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{20,4}{102}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Al2O3 + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
0,2----->1,2-------->0,4
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{\text{ax}it}=m_{HCl}=1,2.36,5=43,8\left(g\right)\\m_{mu\text{ố}i}=m_{AlCl_3}=0,4.133,5=53,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(1\\ 2Na + 2H_2O \to 2NaOH + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na} = \dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{4,6}{23} = 0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2} = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(lít)\\ 2\\ P_2O_5 + 3H_2O \to 2H_3PO_4\\ n_{H_3PO_4} = 2.n_{P_2O_5} = 2.\dfrac{14,2}{142} = 0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{H_3PO_4} = 0,2.98 = 19,6\ gam\)
Câu 1:
PTHH: \(Na+H_2O\rightarrow NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{4,6}{23}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\m_{NaOH}=0,2\cdot40=8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 2:
PTHH: \(P_2O_5+3H_2O\rightarrow2H_3PO_4\)
Ta có: \(n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{14,2}{142}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_3PO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{H_3PO_4}=0,2\cdot98=19,6\left(g\right)\)
\(a.Ca+H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\\ CaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2\\ b.n_{H_2}=n_{Ca}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Ca}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CaO}=9,6-4=5,6\left(g\right)\\ c.n_{CaO}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Sigma n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{Ca}+n_{CaO}=0,1+0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2.74=14,8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Ca+2H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,1 0,1
\(CaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2\)(2)
\(m_{Ca}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\\
m_{CaO}=9,6-4=5,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2\left(2\right)}=n_{CaO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=\left(0,1+0,1\right).74=14,8\left(g\right)\)
a) 2Na+2H2O→2NaOH+H2(1)
2K+2H2O→2KOH+H2(2)
b) nNa=\(\dfrac{4,6}{23}\)=0,2(mol)
Theo PTHH (1): nNa:nH2=2:1
⇒nH2(1)=nNa.12=0,2.12=0,1(mol)
⇒VH2(1)=0,1.22,4=2,24(l)
nK=\(\dfrac{3,9}{39}\)=0,1(mol)
Theo PTHH (2): nK:nH2=2:1
⇒nH2(2)=nK.12=0,1.12=0,05(mol)
⇒VH2(2)=0,05.22,4=1,12(l)
⇒Vh2=2,24+1,12=3,36(l)
c) Dung dịch thu được sau phản ứng làm giấy quỳ tím chuyển đổi thành màu xanh vì nó là dung dịch bazơ.
d)
Fe2O3+3H2-to>2Fe+3H2O
0,15------0,1
n Fe2O3=0,1 mol
=>Fe2O3 dư
=>m Fe=0,1.56=5,6g
a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Na}=2n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Na}=0,4.23=9,2\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(M\right)\)
\(a,n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{12,4}{62}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Na2O + H2O ---> 2NaOH
0,2----------------->0,4
=> mNaOH = 0,4.40 = 16 (g)
b) mdd = 12,4 + 27,6 = 40 (g)
=> \(C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{16}{40}.100\%=40\%\)
a) Na2O + H2O --> 2NaOH
b) \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Na2O + H2O --> 2NaOH
0,1------------->0,2
=> mNaOH = 0,2.40 = 8 (g)