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a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
0,4-->0,6---------->0,2------->0,6
=> \(C_{M\left(dd.H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,15}=4M\)
b) VH2 = 0,6.22,4 = 13,44 (l)
c) \(C_{M\left(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,15}=\dfrac{4}{3}M\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,4 0,6 0,2 0,6
\(C_M_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,15}=4M\\ V_{H_2}=0,622,4=13,44L\)
\(C_M=\dfrac{0,2}{0,15}=1,3M\)
\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{5.1}{102}=0.05\left(mol\right)\)
\(Al_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(0.05...........0.15...............0.05\)
\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0.15}{0.2}=0.75\left(M\right)\)
\(C_{M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=\dfrac{0.05}{0.2}=0.25\left(M\right)\)
a)Đổi \(V_{H_2SO_4}=100ml=0,1l\)
Số mol của 2,7 gam Al:
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)3+3H_2\)
Tỉ lệ 2 : 3 : 1 : 3
0,1 -> 0,15 : 0,05 : 0,15(mol)
Nồng độ mol của dung dịch H2SO4:
\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{n_{H_2SO_4}}{V_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,1}=1,5\left(M\right)\)
b) thể tích của 0,15 mol H2:
\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
c) nồng độ mol của dd \(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\) :
\(C_{M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,1}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2mol\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,15.2=0,3mol\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
0,2 < 0,3 ( mol )
0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48l\)
\(m_{FeSO_4}=0,2.152=30,4g\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{FeSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,15}=1,33M\\C_{M_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0,3-0,2}{0,15}=0,67M\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 1
\(a)PTHH:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\
b)200ml=0,2l\\
n_{HCl}=0,2.1=0,2mol\\
n_{H_2}=n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot0,2=0,1mol\\
V_{H_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479l\\
c)C_{M_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)
\(a,n_{Zn}=\dfrac{8,125}{65}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,125->0,25----->0,125->0,125
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a,V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,5}=0,5\left(l\right)\\b,V_{H_2}=0,125.22,4=2,8\left(l\right)\\c,C_{M\left(ZnCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,125}{0,5}=0,25M\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{36,4}{56}=0,65\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
0,65->1,3----->0,65--->0,65
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a,V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1,3}{0,5}=2,6\left(l\right)\\b,V_{H_2}=0,65.22,4=14,56\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, \(C_{M\left(FeCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,65}{2,6}=0,25M\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2mol\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2
a)\(V_{H_2}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48l\)
b)\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4M\)
c)\(C_{M_{FeSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4M\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
pthh : \(Fe+H_2SO_4->FeSO_4+H_2\)
0,2 0,2
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(L\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,5}{22,4}.98\approx2,188\left(g\right)\)
=> mdd=11,2+2,188=13,388(g)
C%=\(\dfrac{2,188}{13,388}.100\%=16,3\%\)