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\(a+b+c=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=1-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=1-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Lại có:
\(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc};ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge9abc\)
\(\Rightarrow abc\le\frac{ab+bc+ca}{9}\)
Khi đó:
\(M\ge\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{9}{ab+bc+ca}\)
\(=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{7}{ab+bc+ca}\)
\(\ge\frac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}+\frac{7}{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}}=21+9=30\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tại \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Với a, b dương:
\(8^2=\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}}\right)^2\ge\frac{4}{\sqrt{ab}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}\le\frac{64}{4}=16\)
max A=16 khi a=b=1/4
\(S=\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
\(S=\left(1+\frac{1}{1-b}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{1-a}\right)\)
\(S=\frac{1-b+1}{1-b}\times\frac{1-a+1}{1-a}\)
\(S=\frac{\left(2-b\right)\left(2-a\right)}{\left(1-b\right)\left(1-a\right)}\)
\(S=\frac{4-2a-2b+ab}{1-a-b+ab}=\frac{4-2\left(a+b\right)+ab}{1-\left(a+b\right)+ab}\)
\(S=\frac{4-2+ab}{1-1+ab}=\frac{2+ab}{ab}=1+\frac{2}{ab}\)(*)
từ \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2-2ab\ge0\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\Leftrightarrow4ab\le1\Leftrightarrow ab\le\frac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{ab}\ge4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{ab}\ge8\)(1)
thay (1) vào (*) có
\(S=1+\frac{2}{ab}\ge1+8=9\)
vậy GTNN của \(S=9\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)abc=\frac{3}{4}8\Rightarrow\frac{abc}{a^2}+\frac{abc}{b^2}+\frac{abc}{c^2}=\frac{3.8}{4}\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}=6\)