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Chú ý:
\(\left(x^2+2x\right)^2+4\left(x+1\right)^2=\left(x^2+2x\right)^2+4\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=\left(x^2+2x\right)^2+4\left(x^2+2x\right)+4\)
\(=\left(x^2+2x+2\right)^2\)
\(x^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(x^2+x\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+x\right)+x^2+x^2+2x+1\)
\(=\left(x^2+x\right)^2+2x^2+2x+1\)
\(=\left(x^2+x\right)^2+2\left(x^2+x\right)+1\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)^2\)
Bài 1:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2y=1\\2x^2-5xy=48\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1-2y\left(1\right)\\2x^2-5xy=48\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay (1) vào (2)\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(1-2y\right)^2-5\left(1-2y\right)y=48\Leftrightarrow2\left(1-4y+4y^2\right)-5y+10y^2=48\Leftrightarrow2-8y+8y^2-5y+10y^2=48\Leftrightarrow18y^2-13y-46=0\Leftrightarrow\left(y-2\right)\left(18y+23\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=2\\y=-\frac{23}{18}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=\frac{32}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy (x;y)={(\(-3;2\));(\(\frac{32}{9};-\frac{23}{18}\))}
Bài 2:
a) Đặt a=x2-1(a\(\ge-1\))
Vậy pt\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-4a=5\Leftrightarrow a^2-4a-5=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-5\right)\left(a+1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=5\\a=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)(tm)
TH1: a=5\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-1=5\Leftrightarrow x^2=6\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\sqrt{6}\)
TH2: a=-1\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-1=-1\Leftrightarrow x^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=0\)
Vậy S={\(-\sqrt{6};0;\sqrt{6}\)}
b) \(\left(x+2\right)^2-3x-5=\left(1-x\right)\left(1+x\right)\Leftrightarrow x^2+4x+4-3x-5=1-x^2\Leftrightarrow2x^2+x-2=0\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{-1+\sqrt{17}}{4}\\x=\frac{-1-\sqrt{17}}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S={\(\frac{-1+\sqrt{17}}{4};\frac{-1-\sqrt{17}}{4}\)}
c) Đặt a=\(x^2-3x+2\)
Vậy pt\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+2\right)a=3\Leftrightarrow a^2+2a-3=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(a+3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\a=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)(tm)
TH1:\(a=1\Leftrightarrow x^2-3x+2=1\Leftrightarrow x^2-3x+1=0\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{3+\sqrt{5}}{2}\\x=\frac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH2: a=-3\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-3x+2=-3\Leftrightarrow x^2-3x+5=0\)(vô nghiệm)
Vậy S=\(\left\{\frac{3+\sqrt{5}}{2};\frac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2}\right\}\)
\(x^4+\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-2x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+x^3-3x^2+4x-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2-x+1\right)+2x\left(x^2-x+1\right)-2\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^2+2x-2\right)=0\)
đến đây tự giải nhé
\(x^2\left(x-1\right)^2=\left(2x-1\right)^2+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-1\right)^2=\left[x+\left(x-1\right)\right]^2+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-1\right)^2=4x^2-4x+1+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-1\right)^2-4x\left(x-1\right)-3=0\) (1)
Đặt \(a=x\left(x-1\right)\)
\(x\left(x-1\right)=x^2-x=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}\ge-\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(ĐK:a^2\ge2\Leftrightarrow\left|a\right|\ge\sqrt{2}\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow a^2-4a-3=0\)
\(\Delta=\left(-4\right)^2-4.\left(-3\right)=16+12=28>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{4+\sqrt{28}}{2}=2+\sqrt{7}\left(tm\right)\\a=\dfrac{4-\sqrt{28}}{2}=2-\sqrt{7}\left(ktm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow x\left(x-1\right)=2+\sqrt{7}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x-\left(2+\sqrt{7}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1\pm\sqrt{9+4\sqrt{7}}}{2}\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{\dfrac{1\pm\sqrt{9+4\sqrt{7}}}{2}\right\}\)
=)) khai triển HĐT sai gòi:v \(\left(2x-1\right)^2=4x^2-4x+1\) nha bạn
\(x^3+y^3+3xy=1\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3-1-3xy\left(x+y\right)+3xy=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2+x+y+1\right]-3xy\left(x+y-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x^2+y^2-xy+x+y+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+y-1=0\\x=y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1: \(x=y=-1\) thế vào pt dưới kiểm tra ko thỏa mãn
TH2: \(y=1-x\) thế vào pt dưới:
\(\sqrt{\left(4-x\right)\left(x+12\right)}=\dfrac{27}{x+3}\) (ĐKXĐ: \(-12\le x\le4;x\ne-3\))
- Với \(x< -3\) pt vô nghiệm, với \(x>-3\)
Đặt \(x+3=t>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\left(t+9\right)\left(7-t\right)}=\dfrac{27}{t}\Leftrightarrow64-\left(t+1\right)^2=\dfrac{27^2}{t^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow64=\dfrac{27^2}{t^2}+\left(t+1\right)^2=\dfrac{25^2}{t^2}+t^2+\dfrac{104}{t^2}+t+t+1\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{25^2t^2}{t^2}}+3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{104t^2}{t^2}}+1>65\) (vô lý)
Vậy hệ vô nghiệm
\(1,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3-y\\3-y+2y=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3-y\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\\ 2,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2x-1=3\\y=2x+1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=2\left(-2\right)+1=-3\end{matrix}\right.\\ 3,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3x-6=4\\y=x-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ 4,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y+2\\y+2=3y+8\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y+2\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\\ 5,\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1+y}{2}\\\dfrac{3+3y}{2}-4y=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1+y}{2}\\3+3y-8y=4\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{y+1}{2}\\y=-\dfrac{1}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{5}\\y=-\dfrac{1}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4=\left(1-x\right)\left(x^2+2x-2-4x+4\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4=\left(1-x\right)\left(x^2+2x-2\right)+\left(2x-2\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-\left(2x-2\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+2x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2x+2\right)\left(x^2+2x-2\right)+\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+2x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2x-2\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2x-2\right)\left[\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x-2=0\) (bấm máy)