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a.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge1\)
\(\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{x^3+x^2+x+1}=1+\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3+x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}\left(\sqrt{x^3+x^2+x+1}-1\right)-\left(\sqrt{x^3+x^2+x+1}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x^3+x^2+x+1}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-1}=1\\\sqrt{x^3+x^2+x+1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x^3+x^2+x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
b.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-1\)
\(x^2-6x+9+x+1-4\sqrt{x+1}+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\\sqrt{x+1}-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
c.
ĐKXĐ: \(-2\le x\le\dfrac{4}{5}\)
\(VT=2x+3\sqrt{4-5x}+1.\sqrt{x+2}\)
\(VT\le2x+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(9+4-5x\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+x+2\right)=8\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=-1\)
Trả lời
Ta có: \(x^2-5x+14=\left(x-3\right)^2+x+5\ge x+5\ge x+1+4\ge4\sqrt{x+1}\)\(\Rightarrow VT\ge VP\)Vậy để \(VT\ge VP\Leftrightarrow x=3\)(dấu "=" xảy ra)ĐKXĐ:x\(\ge-1\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x+1}=a\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a^2=x+1\\a^2-1=x\\x^2=a^4-2a^2+1\end{cases}}\)
Khi đó pt trên trở thành : \(4a=a^4-2a^2+1-5\left(a^2-1\right)+14\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-2a^2+1-5a^2+5+14-4a=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-7a^2-4a+20=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-4a^2-3a^2+6a-10a+20=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2\left(a-2\right)\left(a+2\right)-3a\left(a-2\right)-10\left(a-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\right)\left(a^3+2a^2-3a-10\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\right)\left(a^3-2a^2+4a^2-8a+5a-10\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\right)\left(a-2\right)\left(a^2+4a+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\right)^2=0\)(vì a2+4a+5=(a+2)2+1\(\ge1>0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\)(thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ)
c/
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3\left(x+1\right)^2+4}+\sqrt{5\left(x+1\right)^2+9}=5-\left(x+1\right)^2\)
Do \(\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\) ;\(\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{3\left(x+1\right)^2+4}\ge\sqrt{0+4}=2\\\sqrt{5\left(x+1\right)^2+9}\ge\sqrt{0+9}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge5\)
\(VP=5-\left(x+1\right)^2\le5\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge VP\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi: \(\left(x+1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
a/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+1}=1+\sqrt{x-2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+1=1+x-2+2\sqrt{x-2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
b/ ĐKXĐ: \(x^2\ge2\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2-2}=t\ge0\Rightarrow x^2=t^2+2\)
Pt trở thành: \(t^2+2-t=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^2-t-2=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=-1\left(l\right)\\t=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2-2}=2\Leftrightarrow x^2=6\Rightarrow x=\pm\sqrt{6}\)
a:
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)^2}=3\)
=>|x-3|=3
=>x-3=3 hoặc x-3=-3
=>x=0 hoặc x=6
b: \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1+2\sqrt{x-1}+1}=2\)
=>\(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}+1\right)^2}=2\)
=>\(\left|\sqrt{x-1}+1\right|=2\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-1}+1=2\\\sqrt{x-1}+1=-2\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=1\)
=>x-1=1
=>x=2
c:
ĐKXĐ: x>4/5
PT \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{5x-4}{x+2}}=2\)
=>\(\dfrac{5x-4}{x+2}=4\)
=>5x-4=4x+8
=>x=12(nhận)
d: ĐKXĐ: x-4>=0 và x+1>=0
=>x>=4
PT =>\(\left(\sqrt{x-4}+\sqrt{x+1}\right)^2=5^2=25\)
=>\(x-4+x+1+2\sqrt{\left(x-4\right)\left(x+1\right)}=25\)
=>\(\sqrt{4\left(x^2-3x-4\right)}=25-2x+3=28-2x\)
=>\(\sqrt{x^2-3x-4}=14-x\)
=>x<=14 và x^2-3x-4=(14-x)^2=x^2-28x+196
=>x<=14 và -3x-4=-28x+196
=>x<=14 và 25x=200
=>x=8(nhận)
a) \(\sqrt{x^2-6x+9}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)^2}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-3\right|=3 \)
TH1: \(\left|x-3\right|=x-3\) với \(x\ge3\)
Pt trở thành:
\(x-3=3\) (ĐK: \(x\ge3\))
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=6\left(tm\right)\)
TH2: \(\left|x-3\right|=-\left(x-3\right)\) với \(x< 3\)
Pt trở thành:
\(-\left(x-3\right)=3\) (ĐK: \(x< 3\))
\(\Leftrightarrow x-3=-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-3+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=0\left(tm\right)\)
b) \(\sqrt{x+2\sqrt{x-1}}=2\) (ĐK: \(x\ge1\))
\(\Leftrightarrow x+2\sqrt{x-1}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x-1}=4-x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(x-1\right)=16-8x+x^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x-4=16-8x+x^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-12x+20=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-10\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=10\left(tm\right)\\x=2\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(\dfrac{\sqrt{5x-4}}{\sqrt{x+2}}=2\) (ĐK: \(x\ge\dfrac{4}{5}\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5x-4}{x+2}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x-4=4x+8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=12\left(tm\right)\)
a)\(\sqrt{3x^2+6x+7}+\sqrt{5x^2+10x+14}=4-2x-x^2\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3x^2+6x+3+4}+\sqrt{5x^2+10x+5+9}=-x^2-2x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+4}+\sqrt{5\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+9}=-x^2-2x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3\left(x+1\right)^2+4}+\sqrt{5\left(x+1\right)^2+9}=-x^2-2x+4\)
Dễ thấy: \(\hept{\begin{cases}3\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\\5\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}3\left(x+1\right)^2+4\ge4\\5\left(x+1\right)^2+9\ge9\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{3\left(x+1\right)^2+4}\ge2\\\sqrt{5\left(x+1\right)^2+9}\ge3\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=\sqrt{3\left(x+1\right)^2+4}+\sqrt{5\left(x+1\right)^2+9}\ge2+3=5\)
Và \(VP=-x^2-2x+4=-x^2-2x-1+5\)
\(=-\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+5=-\left(x+1\right)^2+5\le5\)
SUy ra \(VT\ge VP=5\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
b)\(\sqrt{x-2\sqrt{x-1}}-\sqrt{x-1}=1\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1-2\sqrt{x-1}+1}-\sqrt{x-1}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2-\sqrt{x-1}=1\)
..... giải nốt tiếp ra x=1
c)Sửa đề \(\sqrt{x-7}+\sqrt{9-x}=x^2-16x+66\)
ĐK:....
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(VT^2=\left(\sqrt{x-7}+\sqrt{9-x}\right)^2\)
\(\le\left(1+1\right)\left(x-7+9-x\right)=4\)
\(\Rightarrow VT^2\le4\Rightarrow VT\le2\)
Lại có: \(VP=x^2-16x+66=x^2-16x+64+2\)
\(=\left(x-8\right)^2+2\ge2\)
Suy ra \(VT\ge VP=2\) khi \(VT=VP=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-8\right)^2+2=2\Rightarrow x-8=0\Rightarrow x=8\)
Đk:\(x\ge-1\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow x^2-6x+9+x+1-4\sqrt{x+1}+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\left(x-3\right)^2=0\\\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)