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a) \(2x^2+20x+52=0\Rightarrow x^2+10x+26=0\Rightarrow\left(x+5\right)^2+1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\) vô nghiệm
b) ĐK: \(x\ne1;-1\)
\(\dfrac{2x-19}{5x^2-5}-\dfrac{17}{x-1}=\dfrac{8}{1-x}\Rightarrow\dfrac{2x-19}{5\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}-\dfrac{17}{x-1}+\dfrac{8}{x-1}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2x-19}{5\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}-\dfrac{9}{x-1}=0\Rightarrow\dfrac{2x-19-45\left(x+1\right)}{5\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow-43x-64=0\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{64}{43}\)
a) Ta có: \(\Delta'=100-104=-4< 0\)
Vậy phương trình vô nghiệm.
b) ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne1;x\ne-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x-19}{5\left(x^2-1\right)}=\dfrac{17}{x-1}-\dfrac{8}{x-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x-19}{5\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{9}{x-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x-19}{5\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{45\left(x+1\right)}{5\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow2x-19=45x+45\)
\(\Leftrightarrow43x=-64\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{64}{43}\)(TM)
Vậy phương trình có nghiệm là: \(x=-\dfrac{64}{43}\)
9) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{7}{2x+y}+\dfrac{4}{2x-y}=74\\\dfrac{3}{2x+y}+\dfrac{2}{2x-y}=32\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{21}{2x+y}+\dfrac{12}{2x-y}=222\\\dfrac{21}{2x+y}+\dfrac{14}{2x-y}=224\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{2x-y}=2\\\dfrac{7}{2x+y}+\dfrac{4}{2x-y}=74\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=\dfrac{1}{10}\\2x-y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2y=\dfrac{9}{10}\\2x+y=\dfrac{1}{10}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-\dfrac{9}{20}\\x=\dfrac{11}{40}\end{matrix}\right.\)
10) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2y-1\\2x-y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-4y=-2\\2x-y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2y-1\\3y=7\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{11}{3}\\y=\dfrac{7}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
11) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-6=0\\2y-x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x=6\\y=\dfrac{x+4}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
12) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=5\\x+7y=9\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=5\\2x+14y=18\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=5\\13y=13\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
13) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{x}-\dfrac{4}{y}=2\\\dfrac{4}{x}-\dfrac{5}{y}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)(ĐKXĐ: \(x,y\ne0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{12}{x}-\dfrac{16}{y}=8\\\dfrac{12}{x}-\dfrac{15}{y}=9\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{x}-\dfrac{4}{y}=2\\\dfrac{1}{y}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(tm\right)\\y=1\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
14) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{12}\\\dfrac{8}{x}+\dfrac{15}{y}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)(ĐKXĐ: \(x,y\ne0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{8}{x}+\dfrac{8}{y}=\dfrac{2}{3}\\\dfrac{8}{x}+\dfrac{15}{y}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{12}\\\dfrac{7}{y}=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=28\left(tm\right)\\y=21\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
15) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{y-1}=1\\\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{y-1}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)(ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge1,y\ge1\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-1}=3\\\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{y-1}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-1}=1\\\sqrt{y-1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=1\\y-1=1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=2\left(tm\right)\)
\(x^2+xy-2x-y-19=0\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\left(xy-y\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)=20\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y\left(x-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)^2=20\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(y+x-1\right)=20\)
1) \(\sqrt{5-2x}=6\left(đk:x\le\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5-2x=36\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=-31\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{31}{2}\left(tm\right)\)
2) \(\sqrt{2-x}=\sqrt{x+1}\left(đk:2\ge x\ge-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2-x=x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=1\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(tm\right)\)
3) \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2x+1\right)^2}=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x+1\right|=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=6\\2x+1=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\x=-\dfrac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
4) \(\sqrt{x^2-10x+25}=x-2\left(đk:x\ge2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-5\right)^2}=x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-5\right|=x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-5=x-2\left(x\ge5\right)\\x-5=2-x\left(2\le x< 5\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5=2\left(VLý\right)\\x=\dfrac{7}{2}\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(x^2-2x=a\) pt trở thành:
\(a^2-6a+5=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\a=5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-2x=1\\x^2-2x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-2x-1=0\\x^2-2x-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\pm\sqrt{2}\\x=1\pm\sqrt{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(x^2+2x-4\sqrt{x}-6\sqrt{2x+7}+19=0\)(ĐK: \(x\ge0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+1+2x+2-4\sqrt{x}+2x+16-6\sqrt{2x+7}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+1+2\frac{\left(x+1\right)^2-16x}{x+1+2\sqrt{x}}+2\frac{\left(x+8\right)^2-9\left(2x+7\right)}{x+8+3\sqrt{2x+7}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\left(1+\frac{2}{x+1+2\sqrt{x}}+\frac{2}{x+8+3\sqrt{2x+7}}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+1=0\)(vì \(x>0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)(thỏa mãn)