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\(VT=\sqrt{\left(3x+1\right)^2+\left(2x-3\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(2x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2+\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2}+\sqrt{x^2+\left(4x-6\right)^2}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{\left(3x+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(2x-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2}+\sqrt{x^2}=\left|3x+1\right|+\left|2x-\frac{5}{2}\right|+\left|x\right|\)
\(\ge\left|3x+1+2x-\frac{5}{2}+x\right|=\left|6x-\frac{3}{2}\right|\ge6x-\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = \(\frac{3}{2}\)
\(VP=\frac{1}{2}\left[-2\left(2x-3\right)^2+12x-3\right]\le\frac{1}{2}\left(12x-3\right)=6x-\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = \(\frac{3}{2}\)
Từ đó suy ra nghiệm phương trình là \(x=\frac{3}{2}\)
Ta có:
\(\sqrt{x^2-x+19}+\sqrt{7x^2+8x+13}+\sqrt{13x^2+17x+7}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(2x-1\right)^2+\frac{75}{4}}+\sqrt{\left(2x-1\right)^2+3\left(x+2\right)^2}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(2x-1\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(4x+3\right)^2}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{\frac{75}{4}}+\sqrt{3\left(x+2\right)^2}+\sqrt{\frac{3}{4}\left(4x+3\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{5\sqrt{3}}{2}+\sqrt{3}\left(x+2\right)+\frac{\sqrt{3}\left(4x+3\right)}{2}=3\sqrt{3}\left(x+2\right)\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi ....
1/ \(\dfrac{5}{3}\le x\le\dfrac{7}{3}\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{3x-5}=a>0\\\sqrt{7-3x}=b>0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2+b^2=2\\17-6x=2b^2+3\\6x-7=2a^2+3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác theo BĐT Bunhiacốpxki:
\(a+b=\sqrt{3x-5}+\sqrt{7-3x}\le\sqrt{\left(1+1\right)\left(3x-5+7-3x\right)}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow0< a+b\le2\)
Ta được hệ pt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2+b^2=2\\\left(2b^2+3\right).a+\left(2a^2+3\right)b=2+8ab\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a+b\right)^2-2ab=2\\2ab^2+3a+2a^2b+3b-8ab-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2ab=\left(a+b\right)^2-2\\2ab\left(a+b\right)+3\left(a+b\right)-8ab-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\left(a+b\right)^2-2\right)\left(a+b\right)+3\left(a+b\right)-4\left(a+b\right)^2+6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3-4\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(a+b\right)+6=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b=-1< 0\left(l\right)\\a+b=2\\a+b=3>2\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=2\) , dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi:
\(3x-5=7-3x\Rightarrow x=2\)
Vậy pt có nghiệm duy nhất \(x=2\)
2/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne\pm2\)
\(\left(\dfrac{x-1}{x+2}\right)^2+4\left(\dfrac{x+1}{x-2}\right)^2-\left(\dfrac{15}{x^2-4}+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x-1}{x+2}\right)^2+4\left(\dfrac{x+1}{x-2}\right)^2-5.\left(\dfrac{x^2-1}{x^2-4}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x-1}{x+2}\right)^2-\left(\dfrac{x^2-1}{x^2-4}\right)-4\left[\left(\dfrac{x^2-1}{x^2-4}\right)-\left(\dfrac{x+1}{x-2}\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x-1}{x+2}\right)\left(\dfrac{x-1}{x+2}-\dfrac{x+1}{x-2}\right)-4\left(\dfrac{x+1}{x-2}\right)\left(\dfrac{x-1}{x+2}-\dfrac{x+1}{x-2}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x-1}{x+2}-\dfrac{4\left(x+1\right)}{x-2}\right)\left(\dfrac{x-1}{x+2}-\dfrac{x+1}{x-2}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x-1}{x+2}=\dfrac{4\left(x+1\right)}{x-2}\\\dfrac{x-1}{x+2}=\dfrac{x+1}{x-2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-3x+2=4\left(x^2+3x+2\right)\\x^2-3x+2=x^2+3x+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x^2+15x+6=0\\6x=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{-5+\sqrt{17}}{2}\\x=\dfrac{-5-\sqrt{17}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta viết lại phương trình thành:
\(\left(2x-1\right)^3-\left(x^2-x-1\right)=\left(x+1\right)\sqrt[3]{\left(x+1\right)\left(2x-1\right)+x^2-x-1}\)
Đặt: \(a=2x-1;b=\sqrt[3]{\left(x+1\right)\left(2x-1\right)+x^2-x-1}=\sqrt[3]{3x^2-2}\) ta thu được hệ phương trình:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}a^3-\left(x^2-x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)b\\b^3-\left(x^2-x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)a\end{cases}}\)
Trừ 2 pt của hệ cho nhau ta được: \(\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2+x+1\right)=0\)
Trường hợp 1: \(a=b\) ta có:
\(2x-1=\sqrt[3]{3x^2-2}\Leftrightarrow8x^3-15x^2+6x+1=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=-\frac{1}{8}\end{cases}}\)
Trường hợp 2: \(a^2+ab+b^2+x+1=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a+\frac{b}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(2x-1\right)^2+x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(a+\frac{b}{2}\right)^2+4x^2+2\left(2x-1\right)^2+5=0\left(vn\right)\)
Vậy pt có 2 nghiệm là: \(x=1;x=-\frac{1}{8}\)
đặt \(\sqrt{3x+1}=a\)
=> pt <=> 4x^2 +a +6=a^2 +12x
chuyển hết nt sang vế phải để vt =0 ptđttnt có ntc=a+2x-3
câu 2 đặt \(\sqrt[3]{3x-5}=2y-3\) rồi làm tt như bài trên lớp
sau khi chuyển cậu có pt a62-4x^2-a+12x-6=0
=> a^2+2ax-3a-2ax-4x^2+6x+2a+4x-6=0
<=> (a+2x-3)(a-2x+2)=0
Câu 1:
\(A=21\left(a+\frac{1}{b}\right)+3\left(b+\frac{1}{a}\right)=21a+\frac{21}{b}+3b+\frac{3}{a}\)
\(=(\frac{a}{3}+\frac{3}{a})+(\frac{7b}{3}+\frac{21}{b})+\frac{62}{3}a+\frac{2b}{3}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:
\(\frac{a}{3}+\frac{3}{a}\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{a}{3}.\frac{3}{a}}=2\)
\(\frac{7b}{3}+\frac{21}{b}\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{7b}{3}.\frac{21}{b}}=14\)
Và do $a,b\geq 3$ nên:
\(\frac{62}{3}a\geq \frac{62}{3}.3=62\)
\(\frac{2b}{3}\geq \frac{2.3}{3}=2\)
Cộng tất cả những BĐT trên ta có:
\(A\geq 2+14+62+2=80\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=3$
Câu 2:
Bình phương 2 vế ta thu được:
\((x^2+6x-1)^2=4(5x^3-3x^2+3x-2)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+12x^3+34x^2-12x+1=20x^3-12x^2+12x-8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-8x^3+46x^2-24x+9=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x^2-4x)^2+6x^2+24(x-\frac{1}{2})^2+3=0\) (vô lý)
Do đó pt đã cho vô nghiệm.