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\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{abc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab+ac+bc}{abc}=\frac{1}{abc}\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+ac+bc=1\)
Ta có :
\(1+a^2=ab+ac+bc+a^2=a\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a+b\right)=\left(a+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
\(1+b^2=ab+ac+bc+b^2=a\left(b+c\right)+b\left(b+c\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
\(1+c^2=ab+ac+bc+c^2=a\left(b+c\right)+c\left(b+c\right)=\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+c^2\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
\(=\left[\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\right]^2\) là bình phương của 1 số hữu tỉ (ĐPCM)
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b^2}=x;\frac{b}{c^2}=y;\frac{c}{a^2}=z\) thì \(\frac{b^2}{a}=\frac{1}{x};\frac{a^2}{c}=\frac{1}{y};\frac{c^2}{b}=\frac{1}{z}\)
\(\Rightarrow xyz=\frac{a}{b^2}\cdot\frac{b}{c^2}\cdot\frac{c}{a^2}=1\)
Ta có: \(x+y+z=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}=xy+yz+zx\)
Lại có: \(\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)\left(z-1\right)=xyz-xy-yz-zx+x+y+z-1=1-x-y-z+x+y+z-1=0\)(vì xyz=1, xy+yz+zx=x+y+z)
=>x-1=0 hoặc y-1=0 hoặc z-1=0
=>x=1 hoặc y=1 hoặc z=1
=>a/b2=1 hoặc b/c2=1 hoặc c/a2=1
=>a=b2 hoặc b=c2 hoặc c=a2 (ĐPCM)
Cách khác
Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b^2}+\frac{b}{c^2}+\frac{c}{a^2}=\frac{b^2}{a}+\frac{a^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{b}\)
<=>\(a^2b^2c^2\left(\frac{a}{b^2}+\frac{b}{c^2}+\frac{c}{a^2}\right)=abc\left(\frac{b^2}{a}+\frac{a^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{b}\right)\) (a2b2c2=abc=1)
<=>\(\frac{a^3b^2c^2}{b^2}+\frac{a^2b^3c^2}{c^2}+\frac{a^2b^2c^3}{a^2}=\frac{ab^3c}{a}+\frac{a^3bc}{c}+\frac{abc^3}{b}\)
<=>\(a^3c^2+b^3a^2+c^3b^2=b^3c+a^3b+c^3a\)
<=>\(a^3c^2+b^3a^2+c^3b^2-b^3c-a^3b-c^3a-a^2b^2c^2+abc=0\) (a2b2c2=abc=1)
<=>\(\left(a^3c^2-a^2b^2c^2\right)+\left(b^3a^2-a^3b\right)+\left(c^3b^2-c^3a\right)+\left(abc-b^3c\right)=0\)
<=>\(-a^2c^2\left(b^2-a\right)+a^2b\left(b^2-a\right)+c^3\left(b^2-a\right)-bc\left(b^2-a\right)=0\)
<=>\(\left(b^2-a\right)\left(-a^2c^2+a^2b+c^3-bc\right)=0\)
<=>\(\left(b^2-a\right)\left[c^2\left(c-a^2\right)-b\left(c-a^2\right)\right]=0\)
<=>\(\left(b^2-a\right)\left(c^2-b\right)\left(c-a^2\right)=0\)
Đến đây dễ rồi
1/a+1/b+1/c=0
=>(ab+ac+bc)/abc=0
=> ab+ac+bc=0
(a+b+c)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2(ab+ac+bc)=0
=> a^2+b^2+c^2=0
Bạn xem lại đề nhé.
Tham khảo:
https://hoc24.vn/cau-hoi/cho-a-b-c-la-do-dai-ba-canh-cua-mot-tam-giac-va-thoa-man-he-thuc-a-b-c-1-cmr-a2-b2-c2-12.139261258302
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
=>\(a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
=>\(2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=0\)
=>ab+bc+ac=0
\(\dfrac{1}{a^3}+\dfrac{1}{b^3}+\dfrac{1}{c^3}=\dfrac{3}{abc}\)
=>\(\dfrac{\left(bc\right)^3+\left(ac\right)^3+\left(ab\right)^3}{\left(abc\right)^3}=\dfrac{3}{abc}\)
=>\(\left(bc\right)^3+\left(ac\right)^3+\left(ab\right)^3=3\left(abc\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab+bc\right)^3-3\cdot ab\cdot bc\cdot\left(ab+bc\right)+\left(ac\right)^3=3\left(abc\right)^2\)
=>\(\left(-ac\right)^3-3\cdot ab\cdot bc\cdot\left(-ac\right)+\left(ac\right)^3-3\left(abc\right)^2=0\)
=>\(-a^3c^3+a^3c^3+3a^2b^2c^2-3a^2b^2c^2=0\)
=>0=0(đúng)