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a.\(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{V_{CH_4}}{22,4}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,3 0,6 ( mol )
\(V_{O_2}=n_{O_2}.22,4=0,6.22,4=13,44l\)
b.
\(n_P=\dfrac{m_P}{M_P}=\dfrac{3,1}{31}=0,1mol\)
\(4P+5O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2P_2O_5\)
0,1 0,05 ( mol )
\(m_{P_2O_5}=n_{P_2O_5}.M_{P_2O_5}=0,05.142=7,1g\)
a, Theo giả thiết ta có: \(n_P=\dfrac{3,1}{31}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(4P+5O_2--t^o->2P_2O_5\)
Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5}{4}.n_P=0,125\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,125.22,4=2,8\left(l\right)\)
b, Theo giả thiết ta có: \(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(CH_4+2O_2--t^o->CO_2+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=2.n_{CH_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=2,24\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\Rightarrow n_C=0,2mol\Rightarrow m_C=2,4g\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{5,4}{18}=0,3mol\Rightarrow m_H=0,6g\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma m_{CO_2+H_2O}=2,4+0,6=3< m_X\)
Vậy X chứa C,H,O.
\(\Rightarrow m_O=4,6-3=1,6g\Rightarrow n_O=0,1mol\)
Gọi CTHH là \(C_xH_yO_z\)
\(\Rightarrow x:y:z=0,2:0,6:0,1=2:6:1\)
\(\Rightarrow C_2H_6O\)
pthh: \(C_2H_6O+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+3H_2O\)
0,3 0,2 0,3
\(V_{O_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72l\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{44,8}{22,4}.20\%=0,4(mol)\)
Bảo toàn NT (O): \(n_{O_2}=n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2O}\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,4(mol);n_{H_2O}=0,8(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96(g);m_{H_2O}=0,8.18=14,4(g)\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,2 0,4 0,4
\(V_{O_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\\
m_{H_2O}=0,4.18=7,2\left(g\right)\)
a)
nP =62 : 31 = 2 (mol)
PTHH:4P + 5O2 --(to)-> 2P2O5
Theo PTHH: \(nO_2=\dfrac{5}{4}nP=\dfrac{5}{4}.2=2,5\left(mol\right)\)
VO2(đktc) = 2,5 ×22,4=56 (lít)
\(\dfrac{100\%}{21\%}.56=227\left(lít\right)\)
b)
\(nP=\dfrac{15,5}{31}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(nO_2=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)
0,4 0,5 0,2
tính theo pthh : => P dư , O2 đủ
nP(dư) = 0,5-0,4=0,1(mol)
=> mP (dư) = 0,1 . 31 = 3,1(g)
mP2O5 = 0,5 . 142=71(g)
\(n_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{6.72}{22.4}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11.2}{22.4}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_2H_2+\dfrac{5}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2CO_2+H_2O\)
\(Bđ:0.3.......0.5\)
\(Pư:0.2........0.5.........0.4.........0.2\)
\(Kt:0.1..........0..........0.4...........0.2\)
\(V_{CO_2}=0.4\cdot22.4=8.96\left(l\right)\)
\(V_{C_2H_2\left(dư\right)}=0.1\cdot22.4=2.24\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: C2H4 + 3O2 --to--> 2CO2 + 2H2O
0,25<--0,75<------0,5
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{C_2H_4}=0,25.28=7\left(g\right)\\V_{O_2}=0,75.22,4=16,8\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)