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PTHH: \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
\(2NaOH+CuSO_4\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+Na_2SO_4\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
\(CuO+CO\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+CO_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CuO}=n_{CO}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuO}=0,1\cdot80=8\left(g\right)\\V_{CO}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
a_____3a_______a______\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)a (mol)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
b_____2b_______b_____b (mol)
Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=2,055\\3a+2b=0,205\cdot1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,045\\b=0,035\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{AlCl_3}=0,045\cdot133,5=6,0075\left(g\right)\\m_{MgCl_2}=0,035\cdot95=3,325\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Sau phản ứng, thu được hỗn hợp kim loại, suy ra kẽm dư.
$n_{CuSO_4} = \dfrac{80.30\%}{160} = 0,15(mol)$
$Zn + CuSO_4 \to ZnSO_4 + Cu$
$n_{Zn\ pư} = n_{CuSO_4} = 0,15(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{Zn\ pư} = 0,15.65 = 9,75(gam)$
Sau phản ứng, $m_{dd} = 9,75 + 80 - 0,15.64 = 80,15(gam)$
$C\%_{ZnSO_4} = \dfrac{0,15.161}{80,15}.100\% = 30,13\%$
a) PTHH: \(SO_3+H_2O\rightarrow H_2SO_4\)
Ta có: \(n_{SO_3}=\dfrac{24}{80}=0,3\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2SO_4}\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3\cdot98}{20\%}=147\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{147}{1,14}\approx128,95\left(ml\right)\)
b) PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)=n_{FeSO_4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,3\cdot56=16,8\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot24,76=7,428\left(l\right)\\m_{FeSO_4}=0,3\cdot152=45,6\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,3\cdot2=0,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{Fe}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}=163,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{45,6}{163,2}\cdot100\%\approx27,94\%\)
\(CaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2\)
\(n_{CaO}=n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{56}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{1,2}{100}=0,012\left(mol\right)\)
TH1: CO2 hết, Ca(OH)2 dư
PTHH: Ca(OH)2 + CO2 -----> CaCO3 + H2O
0,012 -> 0,012 mol
=> VCO2 = 0,012 . 22,4 = 0,27 (l)
TH2: CO2 dư
PTHH: Ca(OH)2 + CO2 -> CaCO3 + H2O
0,06 ..............0,06......0,06
CO2 + CaCO3 + H2O -> Ca(HCO3)2
0,048<--(0,06 - 0,012)
=> nCO2 = 0,06 + 0,048 = 0,108 mol
=> VCO2 = 0,108 . 22,4 = 2,42 (l)
1)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
____0,1----->0,15
=> mH2SO4 = 0,15.98 = 14,7(g)
=> \(C\%=\dfrac{14,7}{250}.100\%=5,88\%\)
2)
\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{21,2}{106}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Na2CO3 + 2HCl --> 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O
_______0,2------------------------------>0,2
=> VCO2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(l)
3)
\(n_A=\dfrac{18,4}{M_A}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2A + Cl2 --to--> 2ACl
____\(\dfrac{18,4}{M_A}\)---------->\(\dfrac{18,4}{M_A}\)
=> \(\dfrac{18,4}{M_A}\left(M_A+35,5\right)=46,8=>M_A=23\left(Na\right)\)
4)
nHCl = 0,2.3 = 0,6(mol)
PTHH: M + 2HCl --> MCl2 + H2
____0,3<-----0,6
=> \(M_M=\dfrac{7,2}{0,3}=24\left(Mg\right)\)
Z n + H 2 S O 4 → Z n S O 4 + H 2
⇒ n H 2 = n Z n = 0,02 mol
⇒ m H 2 = 2.0,02 = 0,04 g
⇒ Chọn C.