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\(n_{NaOH}=0,3.1=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\1< \dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5< 2\)
=> Sản phẩm tạo 2 muối: Na2CO3 và NaHCO3
=> CHỌN A
a) \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0,3.1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ \(\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5\)
=> Tạo ra muối NaHCO3, Na2CO3
b)
PTHH: 2NaOH + CO2 --> Na2CO3 + H2O
0,3----->0,15------>0,15
Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O --> 2NaHCO3
0,05<---0,05---------------->0,1
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Na_2CO_3}=\left(0,15-0,05\right).106=10,6\left(g\right)\\n_{NaHCO_3}=0,1.84=8,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CO2 + 2NaOH → Na2CO3 + H2O
Mol: 0,15 0,3 0,15
\(C_{M_{ddNaOH}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5M\)
b) Na2CO3: natri cacbonat
\(m_{Na_2CO_3}=0,15.106=15,9\left(g\right)\)
c)
PTHH: 2NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + 2H2O
Mol: 0,15 0,075
\(V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,075}{1}=0,075\left(l\right)=75\left(ml\right)\)
Bài 7:
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaOH}=0,2\cdot1=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Tạo 2 muối
PTHH: \(CO_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\)
a_______2a__________a (mol)
\(CO_2+NaOH\rightarrow NaHCO_3\)
b_______b__________b (mol)
Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0,15\\2a+b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{CO_2}+m_{ddNaOH}=0,15\cdot44+200\cdot1,25=256,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{0,05\cdot106}{256,6}\cdot100\%\approx2,1\%\\C\%_{NaHCO_3}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot72}{256,6}\cdot100\%\approx2,8\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 8:
PTHH: \(RCO_3+2HNO_3\rightarrow R\left(NO_3\right)_2+CO_2\uparrow+H_2O\)
Giả sử \(n_{RCO_3}=1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HNO_3}=2\left(mol\right)\\n_{R\left(NO_3\right)_2}=1\left(mol\right)=n_{CO_2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHNO_3}=\dfrac{2\cdot63}{20\%}=630\left(g\right)\\m_{R\left(NO_3\right)_2}=R+124\left(g\right)\\m_{CO_2}=44\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{R\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{124+R}{R+60+630-44}=0,26582\)
\(\Leftrightarrow R=65\) (Kẽm) \(\Rightarrow\) CTHH của muối cacbonat là ZnCO3
â)Caco3+2hcl->cacl2+h2o+co2
b)ncaco3=20/100=0,2 mol =>nco2=ncaco3=0,2=>vco2=4,48l
mCacl2=0,2.111=22,2g
c)nNaoh=800/40=20 mol
nNaoh/nCO2=100>2=>Muối na2co3 có m=0,2.106=21,2 g
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{20}{100}=0,2(mol)\\ PTHH:CaCO_3+H_2SO_4\to CaSO_4+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\\ a,n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V=V_{CO_2(đktc)}=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)=4480(ml)\\ b,m_{NaOH}=\dfrac{40.10\%}{100\%}=4(g)\\ \Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{4}{40}=0,1(mol)\\ PTHH:CO_2+2NaOH\to Na_2CO_3+H_2O\)
Vì \(\dfrac{n_{CO_2}}{1}>\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{2}\) nên \(CO_2\) dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,05(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Na_2CO_3}=0,05.106=5,3(g)\)
Gọi $n_{Na_2CO_3} = a(mol) ; n_{NaHCO_3} = b(mol) \Rightarrow 106a + 84b = 21(1)$
$2NaOH + CO_2 \to Na_2CO_3 + H_2O$
$NaOH + CO_2 \to NaHCO_3$
$n_{NaOH} = 2a + b = 0,3(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra $a = \dfrac{21}{310} ; b = \dfrac{51}{310}$
$V = ( \dfrac{21}{310}+ \dfrac{51}{310}).22,4 = 5,202(lít)$