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a)\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3a^2+3b^2+3c^2-a^2-b^2-c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
b,c tương tự
d)Áp dụng bđt AM-GM ta được
\(a^4+a^4+b^4+c^4\ge4\sqrt[4]{a^4a^4b^4c^4}=4a^2bc\)
TT\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+b^4+c^4\ge4ab^2c\)
\(a^4+b^4+c^4+c^4\ge4abc^2\)
Cộng vế theo vế ta được \(4\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\ge4\left(a^2bc+ab^2c+abc^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)\left(đpcm\right)\)
d)
\(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4-a^2bc-ab^2c-abc^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^4+2b^4+2c^4-2a^2bc-2ab^2c-2abc^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2+2a^2b^2+\left(b^2-c^2\right)^2+2b^2c^2+\left(c^2-a^2\right)^2+2a^2c^2-2a^2bc-2b^2ac-2c^2ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2+\left(b^2-c^2\right)^2+\left(c^2-a^2\right)^2+\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2-2b^2ac\right)+\left(b^2c^2+c^2a^2-2c^2abc\right)+\left(a^2b^2+c^2a^2-2a^2ab\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2+\left(b^2-c^2\right)^2+\left(c^2-a^2\right)^2+\left(ab-bc\right)^2+\left(bc-ac\right)^2+\left(ab-ac\right)^2\ge0\)
Luôn đúng với mọi a , b , c
a.
\(2\left(a^4+b^4\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)\left(a^3+b^3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^4+2b^4\ge a^4+ab^3+a^3b+b^4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4\ge ab^3+a^3b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3b+b^4-ab^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3\left(a-b\right)-b^3\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^3-b^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\)(*)
Mà \(a^2+ab+b^2=\left(a^2+2\cdot a\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}b+\dfrac{b^2}{4}\right)+\dfrac{3b^2}{4}=\left(a+\dfrac{b}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3b^2}{4}\ge0\)
Suy ra (*) đúng => đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b
b.
\(3\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3a^4+3b^4+3c^4\ge a^4+ab^3+ac^3+a^3b+b^4+bc^3+a^3c+b^3c+c^4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^4+2b^4+2c^4\ge ab^3+a^3b+b^3c+bc^3+ca^3+c^3a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^4+b^4\right)+\left(b^4+c^4\right)+\left(c^4+a^4\right)\ge\left(a^3b+ab^3\right)+\left(b^3c+bc^3\right)+\left(c^3a+ca^3\right)\)
Theo câu a. thì điều này đúng
Dấu "=" khi a=b=c
Xét hiệu:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2-a\left(b+c+d+e\right)\)
\(=a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2-ab-ac-ad-ae\)
\(=\left(\frac{a^2}{4}-ab+b^2\right)+\left(\frac{a^2}{4}-ac+c^2\right)+\left(\frac{a^2}{4}-ad+d^2\right)+\left(\frac{a^2}{4}-ae+e^2\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{a}{2}-b\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-c\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-d\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-e\right)^2\)
Do \(\left(\frac{a}{2}-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b;\left(\frac{a}{2}-c\right)^2\ge0\forall a,c\);\(\left(\frac{a}{2}-d\right)^2\ge0\forall a,d;\left(\frac{a}{2}-e\right)^2\ge0\forall a,e\)Do đó:
\(\left(\frac{a}{2}-b\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-c\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-d\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{2}-e\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2-a\left(b+c+d+e\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2\ge a\left(b+c+d+e\right)\)
Dấu"="xảy ra khi \(b=c=d=e=\frac{a}{2}\)
ô kê :))
a2 + b2 + c2 + d2 + e2 ≥ a( b + c + d + e )
<=> a2 + b2 + c2 + d2 + e2 ≥ ab + ac + ad + ae
Nhân 4 vào từng vế ta được
<=> 4( a2 + b2 + c2 + d2 + e2 ) ≥ 4( ab + ac + ad + ae )
<=> 4a2 + 4b2 + 4c2 + 4d2 + 4e2 ≥ 4ab + 4ac + 4ad + 4ae
<=> 4a2 + 4b2 + 4c2 + 4d2 + 4e2 - 4ab - 4ac - 4ad - 4ae ≥ 0
<=> ( a2 - 4ab + 4b2 ) + ( a2 - 4ac + 4c2 ) + ( a2 - 4ad + 4d2 ) + ( a2 - 4ae + 4e2 ) ≥ 0
<=> ( a - 2b )2 + ( a - 2c )2 + ( a - 2d )2 + ( a - 2e )2 ≥ 0 ( đúng )
Vậy bđt được chứng minh
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> b = c = d = e = a/2
1/ \(a^2-b^2+c^2\ge\left(a-b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow bc-ac-b^2+ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(bc-ac\right)+\left(ab-b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\ge0\)(đúng)
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}a\ge b\\b\ge c\end{cases}}\)
2/ \(a^2-b^2+c^2-d^2\ge\left(a-b+c-d\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-d^2+cd-bd+ad+bc-ac-b^2+ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(dc-d^2\right)+\left(ad-bd\right)+\left(bc-ac\right)+\left(ba-b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow d\left(c-d\right)+d\left(a-b\right)+\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\ge0\)
Đúng vì \(a\ge b\ge c\ge d\ge0\)
áp dụng bất đẳng thức
A+B)2 >= 4AB
Ta có:
\(\left(\frac{a+b}{2}+\frac{c+d}{2}\right)^2\ge4.\frac{a+b}{2}.\frac{c+d}{2}=\left(a+b\right)\left(c+d\right)\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\ge a\left(b+c+d\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a^2+4b^2+4c^2+4d^2\ge4ab+4ac+4ad\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-4ab+4b^2\right)+\left(a^2-4ac+4c^2\right)+\left(a^2-4ad+4d^2\right)+a^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2b\right)^2+\left(a-2c\right)^2+\left(a-2d\right)^2+a^2\ge0\)( luôn đúng )
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c = d = 0