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I. Đúng do BĐT Cosi \(a+\dfrac{9}{a}\ge2.\sqrt{a.\dfrac{9}{a}}=6\)
II. Sai do \(\dfrac{a^2+5}{\sqrt{a^2+4}}=\sqrt{a^2+4}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+4}}\ge2+\dfrac{1}{a^2+4}>2\)
III. Đúng do BĐT Cosi \(\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}}{ab+1}\le\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}}{2\sqrt{ab}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
IV. Đúng do BĐT BSC \(\left(a+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\left(b+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)\ge\left(\sqrt{a}.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}}+\sqrt{b}.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b}}\right)^2=4\)
a ) \(x^2+4y^2+3z^2+14\ge2x+12y+6z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+1+4y^2-12y+9+3z^2-6z+3+1\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(2y-3\right)^2+3\left(z-1\right)^2+1\ge0\)
\(\LeftrightarrowĐPCM.\)
b ) \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3a^2+3b^2+3c^2\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2ac-2bc\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2-2ac+c^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\LeftrightarrowĐPCM.\)
a) \(x^2+4y^2+3z^2+14\ge2x+12y+6z\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+4y^2+3z^2+14-2x-12y-6z\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(4y^2-12y+9\right)+3\left(z^2-2z+1\right)+1\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(2y-3\right)^2+3\left(z-1\right)^2\ge-1\)
Xem lại đề
b)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow3a^2+3b^2+3c^2\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow3a^2+3b^2+3c^2\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ac\) *Đúng*
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(a=b=c\)
Nice proof, nhưng đã quy đồng là phải thế này :v
\(BDT\Leftrightarrow\left(2a-\sqrt{a^2+3}\right)+\left(2b-\sqrt{b^2+3}\right)+\left(2c-\sqrt{c^2+3}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2-1}{2a+\sqrt{a^2+3}}+\dfrac{b^2-1}{2b+\sqrt{b^2+3}}+\dfrac{c^2-1}{2c+\sqrt{c^2+3}}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2-1}{2a+\sqrt{a^2+3}}+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-a\right)+\dfrac{b^2-1}{2b+\sqrt{b^2+3}}+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{b}-b\right)+\dfrac{c^2-1}{2c+\sqrt{c^2+3}}+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{c}-c\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2a+\sqrt{a^2+3}}-\dfrac{1}{4a}\right)+\left(b^2-1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2b+\sqrt{b^2+3}}-\dfrac{1}{4b}\right)+\left(c^2-1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2c+\sqrt{a^2+3}}-\dfrac{1}{4c}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a^2-1\right)\left(2a-\sqrt{a^2+3}\right)}{a\left(2a+\sqrt{a^2+3}\right)}+\dfrac{\left(b^2-1\right)\left(2b-\sqrt{b^2+3}\right)}{b\left(2b+\sqrt{b^2+3}\right)}+\dfrac{\left(c^2-1\right)\left(2c-\sqrt{c^2+3}\right)}{c\left(2c+\sqrt{c^2+3}\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a^2-1\right)^2}{a\left(2a+\sqrt{a^2+3}\right)^2}+\dfrac{\left(b^2-1\right)^2}{b\left(2b+\sqrt{b^2+3}\right)^2}+\dfrac{\left(c^2-1\right)^2}{c\left(2c+\sqrt{c^2+3}\right)^2}\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Khi \(f\left(t\right)=\sqrt{1+t}\) là hàm lõm trên \([-1, +\infty)\) ta có:
\(f(t)\le f(3)+f'(3)(t-3)\forall t\ge -1\)
Tức là \(f\left(t\right)\le2+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(t-3\right)=\dfrac{5}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}t\forall t\ge-1\)
Áp dụng BĐT này ta có:
\(\sqrt{a^2+3}=a\sqrt{1+\dfrac{3}{a^2}}\le a\left(\dfrac{5}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot\dfrac{3}{a^2}\right)=\dfrac{5}{4}a+\dfrac{3}{4}\cdot\dfrac{1}{a}\)
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại ta cũng có:
\(\sqrt{b^2+3}\le\dfrac{5}{4}b+\dfrac{3}{4}\cdot\dfrac{1}{b};\sqrt{c^2+3}\le\dfrac{5}{4}c+\dfrac{3}{4}\cdot\dfrac{1}{c}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:
\(VP\le\dfrac{5}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=2\left(a+b+c\right)=VT\)
a ) \(2a^2+b^2+c^2\ge2a\left(b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2+a^2-2ac+c^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\LeftrightarrowĐPCM.\)
b ) \(a^2+2b^2+12\ge2b\left(3-a\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2b^2+12\ge6b-2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2+b^2-6b+9+3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b-3\right)^2+3\ge0\)
\(\LeftrightarrowĐPCM.\)
c ) \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2a+1+b^2+2b+1+c^2+2c+1\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+1\right)^2+\left(b+1\right)^2+\left(c+1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\LeftrightarrowĐPCM.\)
a)theo cauchy ta có
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2+b^2\ge2ab\\a^2+c^2\ge2ac\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+b^2+c^2\ge2a\left(b+c\right)\Rightarrowđpcm\)
câu b) xem lại đề , tôi nghĩ phải > 0 mới đúng
c) theo cauchy ta có
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2+b^2\ge2ab\\a^2+c^2\ge2ac\\b^2+c^2\ge2bc\end{matrix}\right.\)
cộng lại, rút 2 đi suy ra đpcm
1) Bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a2 + b2 + c2 + d2 + \(2\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)}\ge\left(a+c\right)^2+\left(b+d\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(ac+bd\le\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)}\left(1\right)\)
Nếu : ac + bd < 0 : BĐT luôn đúng
Nếu : ac + bd \(\ge\) 0 : Thì (1) tương đương
( ac + bd )2 \(\le\) ( a2 + b2 )( c2 + d2 )
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(ac\right)^2+\left(bd\right)^2+2abcd\le\left(ac\right)^2+\left(ad\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2+\left(bd\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(ad\right)^2+\left(bc\right)^2-2abcd\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(ad-bc\right)^2\ge0\) , luôn đúng , vậy bài toán được chứng minh
2) Chọn :\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\cos x.\cos y\\c=2\sin x.\sin y\\b=d=\sin\left(x-y\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Từ câu 1) ta có :
\(\sqrt{4\cos^2x.\cos^2y+\sin^2\left(x-y\right)}+\sqrt{4\sin^2x.\sin^2y+\sin^2\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{\left(2\cos x.\cos y+2\sin x.\sin y\right)^2+\left(2\sin\left(x-y\right)\right)^2}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{4\cos^2\left(x-y\right)+4\sin^2\left(x-y\right)}=2\)
Với mọi \(0< a< \dfrac{1}{2}\) ta có:
\(\left(\sqrt{2a}-1\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow2a+1\ge2\sqrt{2a}\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge2\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{a}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{a}}\ge2\sqrt{a}\)
Do đó:
\(\dfrac{2+\sqrt{2a}}{2-a}=\dfrac{2-a+a+\sqrt{2a}}{2-a}=1+\dfrac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{2}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{a}\right)\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{a}\right)}=1+\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{a}}\ge1+\sqrt{a}.2\sqrt{a}=2a+1\)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{2+\sqrt{2b}}{2-b}\ge2b+1\)
Cộng vế:
\(\dfrac{2+\sqrt{2a}}{2-a}+\dfrac{2+\sqrt{2b}}{2-b}\ge2a+1+2b+1=4\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
c) theo bđt cauchy ta có
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2+b^2\ge2ab\\b^2+1\ge2b\\a^2+1\ge2a\end{matrix}\right.\)
cộng hết lại rút 2 đi \(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
a) \(\dfrac{a^2+2}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}=\dfrac{a^2+1+1}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}=\sqrt{a^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}\ge2\)
b) Tương tự