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a, Ta có:
2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4 + . . . + 2 99 + 2 100
= 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4 + 2 5 +...+ 2 96 + 2 97 + 2 98 + 2 99 + 2 100
= 2. 1 + 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4 +...+ 2 96 1 + 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + 2 4
= 2 . 31 + 2 6 . 31 + . . . + 2 96 . 31
= 2 + 2 6 + . . . + 2 96 . 31 chia hết cho 31
b, Ta có:
5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 + . . . + 5 149 + 5 150
= 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 + . . . + 5 149 + 5 150
= 5 1 + 5 + 5 3 1 + 5 + 5 5 1 + 5 + . . . + 5 149 1 + 5
= 5 . 6 + 5 3 . 6 + 5 5 . 6 + . . . + 5 149 . 6
= ( 5 + 5 3 + 5 5 + . . . + 5 149 ) . 6 chia hết cho 6
Ta lại có:
5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 + . . . + 5 149 + 5 150
= 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 +...+ 5 145 + 5 146 + 5 147 + 5 148 + 5 149 + 5 150 (có đúng 25 nhóm)
= [ ( 5 + 5 4 ) + ( 5 2 + 5 5 ) + ( 5 3 + 5 6 ) ] + ... + [ 5 145 + 5 148 ) + ( 5 146 + 5 149 ) + ( 5 147 + 5 150 ]
= [ 5 ( 1 + 5 3 ) + 5 2 ( 1 + 5 3 ) + 5 3 ( 1 + 5 3 ) ] + ... + [ 5 145 1 + 5 3 ) + 5 146 ( 1 + 5 3 ) + 5 147 ( 1 + 5 3 ]
= ( 5 . 126 + 5 2 . 126 + 5 3 . 126 ) + ... + ( 5 145 . 126 + 5 146 . 126 + 5 147 . 126 )
= ( 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 ) . 126 + ( 5 7 + 5 8 + 5 9 ) . 126 + ... + ( 5 145 + 5 146 + 5 147 ) . 126
= 126.[ ( 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 ) + ( 5 7 + 5 8 + 5 9 ) + ... + ( 5 145 + 5 146 + 5 147 ) ] chia hết cho 126.
Vậy 5 + 5 2 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 5 5 + 5 6 + . . . + 5 149 + 5 150 vừa chia hết cho 6, vừa chia hết cho 126
Ta có: \(A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{99}+91\)
\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3\right)+\left(2^4+2^5+2^6\right)+...+\left(2^{97}+2^{98}+2^{99}\right)+91\)
\(=2\cdot\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^4\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{97}\left(1+2+2^2\right)+91\)
\(=7\cdot\left(1+2^4+...+2^{97}\right)+7\cdot13\)
\(=7\cdot\left(1+2^4+...+2^{97}+13\right)⋮7\)(đpcm)
Ta có: \(A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{99}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3\right)+\left(2^4+2^5+2^6\right)+...+\left(2^{97}+2^{98}+2^{99}\right)\)
\(=2\cdot\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^4\cdot\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{97}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)
\(=\left(1+2+2^2\right)\cdot\left(2+2^4+...+2^{97}\right)\)
\(=7\cdot\left(2+2^4+...+2^{97}\right)⋮7\)(đpcm)
\(A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{99}+2^{100}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2\right)+2^2\left(2+2^2\right)+...+2^{98}\left(2+2^2\right)\)
\(=6\left(1+2^2+...+2^{98}\right)⋮6\)
\(A=\left(2+2^2\right)+2^2\left(2+2^2\right)+...+2^{98}\left(2+2^2\right)\)
\(=6+2^2.6+...+2^{98}.6=6\left(1+2^2+...+2^{98}\right)⋮6\)
\(A=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{100}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2\right)+2^2\left(2+2^2\right)+...+2^{98}\left(2+2^2\right)\)
\(=6+6.2^2+...+6.2^{98}\)
\(=6\left(1+2^2+...+2^{98}\right)⋮6\)
\(A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{100}\)
\(=2\cdot3+2^3\cdot3+...+2^{99}\cdot3\)
\(=6\left(1+2^2+...+2^{98}\right)⋮6\)
Ta có: A=2+22+23+24+...+299+2100
-> A=2(1+2)+23(1+2)+...+299(1+2)
->A=2.3+23.3+...+299.3
->A=3(2+23+...+299)\(⋮\)3
=> Đpcm
\(A=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{99}+2^{100}\right)\\ A=\left(2+2^2\right)+2^2\left(2+2^2\right)+...+2^{98}\left(2+2^2\right)\\ A=\left(2+2^2\right)\left(1+2^2+...+2^{98}\right)\\ A=6\left(1+2^2+...+2^{98}\right)⋮6\)
Ta có: 155 = 5.31 ta chứng minh A chia hết cho 5 và 31
+ Chứng minh A chia hết cho 5
\(A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{99}+2^{100}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+\left(2^5+2^6+2^7+2^8\right)+...+\left(2^{97}+2^{98}+2^{99}+2^{100}\right)\)
\(=2\left(1+2+4+8\right)+2^5\left(1+2+4+8\right)+...+2^{97}\left(1+2+4+8\right)\)
\(=15\left(2+2^5+...+2^{97}\right)=3.5.\left(2+2^5+...+2^{97}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A⋮5\left(1\right)\)
+ Chứng minh A chia hết cho 31
\(A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{99}+2^{100}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5\right)+\left(2^6+2^7+2^8+2^9+2^{10}\right)+...+\left(2^{96}+2^{97}+2^{98}+2^{99}+2^{100}\right)\)
\(=2\left(1+2+4+8+16\right)+2^6\left(1+2+4+8+16\right)+...+2^{96}\left(1+2+4+8+16\right)\)
\(=31\left(2+2^6+...+2^{96}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A⋮31\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow A⋮\left(31.5\right)hayA⋮155\)