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Bài 32:
a) P= \(\frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{8}+4}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}\)
= \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)+\left(\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{8}\right)}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}\)
= \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)+\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}\)
= \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}\)
= \(1+\sqrt{2}\)
b) Có: \(x^2-2y^2=xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-y^2-y^2-xy=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-y\left(y+x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x-2y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+y=0\\x-2y=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-y\\x=2y\end{cases}}}\)
Thay x=-y ta có: Q=\(\frac{-y-y}{-y+y}\)=\(\frac{-2y}{0}\)(loại )
Thay x=2y ta có : Q=\(\frac{2y-y}{2y+y}=\frac{y}{3y}=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x^3-3x-2=2-y\\y^3-3y-2=4-2z\\z^3-3z-2=6-3x\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x^3-x-2x-2=2-y\\y^3-y-2y-2=2\left(2-z\right)\\z^3-z-2z-2=3\left(2-x\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\left(x^2-1\right)-2\left(x+1\right)=2-y\\y\left(y^2-1\right)-2\left(y+1\right)=2\left(2-z\right)\\z\left(z^2-1\right)-2\left(z+1\right)=3\left(2-x\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+1\right)\left[x\left(x-1\right)-2\right]=2-y\\\left(y+1\right)\left[y\left(y-1\right)-2\right]=2\left(2-z\right)\\\left(z+1\right)\left[z\left(z-1\right)-2\right]=3\left(2-x\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x-2\right)=2-y\\\left(y+1\right)\left(y^2-y-2\right)=2\left(2-z\right)\\\left(z+1\right)\left(z^2-z-2\right)=3\left(2-x\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x-2\right)=2-y\\\left(y+1\right)^2\left(y-2\right)=2\left(2-z\right)\\\left(z+1\right)^2\left(z-2\right)=3\left(2-x\right)\end{cases}}\)
Nhân các vế của 3 phương trình với nhau ta được:
\(\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x-2\right)\left(y+1\right)^2\left(y-2\right)\left(z+1\right)^2\left(z-2\right)=6\left(2-y\right)\left(2-z\right)\left(2-x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(y-2\right)\left(z-2\right)\left(x+1\right)^2\left(y+1\right)^2\left(z+1\right)^2=-6\left(y-2\right)\left(z-2\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(y-2\right)\left(z-2\right)\left(x+1\right)^2\left(y+1\right)^2\left(z+1\right)^2+6\left(y-2\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(z-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(y-2\right)\left(z-2\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2\left(y+1\right)^2\left(z+1\right)^2+6\right]=0\)
Vì \(\left(x+1\right)^2\left(y+1\right)^2\left(z+1\right)^2+6>0\)
Nên \(\left(x-2\right)\left(y-2\right)\left(z-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-2=0\\y-2=0\\z-2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=2\\z=2\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy x = y = z = 2
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2-2x\sqrt{y}+2y=x\\y^2-2y\sqrt{z}+2z=y\\z^2-2z\sqrt{x}+2x=z\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x\sqrt{y}+2y+y^2-2y\sqrt{z}+2z+z^2-2z\sqrt{x}+2x=x+y+z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\sqrt{y}\right)^2+\left(y-\sqrt{z}\right)^2+\left(z-\sqrt{x}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-\sqrt{y}=0\\y-\sqrt{z}=0\\z-\sqrt{x}=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\sqrt{y}\\y=\sqrt{z}\\z=\sqrt{x}\end{cases}}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=y=z=0\\x=y=z=1\end{cases}}\)