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Đặt \(a=\sqrt{x},b=\sqrt{y},c=\sqrt{z}\left(a,b,c>0\right)\)
Khi đó :
\(P=\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\) và \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\frac{a^4}{a^2b}+\frac{b^4}{cb^2}+\frac{c^4}{ac^2}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^2b+cb^2+ac^2}\) ( theo BĐT cô-si schwarz )
Ta có :
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=\left(a^3+b^2a\right)+\left(b^3+bc^2\right)+\left(c^3+ca^2\right)+\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\)
\(\ge3\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\le\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\le\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^3}\)
Khi đó :
\(P\ge\sqrt{3}.\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^3}}=\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\ge3\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\Rightarrow x=y=z=1\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si dạng Engel,ta có :
\(\frac{x^2}{x+\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{y^2}{y+\sqrt{xz}}+\frac{z^2}{z+\sqrt{xy}}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}}\)
Mà \(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}\le x+y+z\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{x+y+z}{2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = y = z = \(\frac{3}{2}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cộng mẫu số
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{x+\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{y^2}{y+\sqrt{xz}}+\frac{z^2}{z+\sqrt{xy}}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}+\sqrt{xy}}\)
Xét \(\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}+\sqrt{xy}}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho 2 bộ số thực không âm
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}\sqrt{yz}\le\frac{y+z}{2}\\\sqrt{xz}\le\frac{x+z}{2}\\\sqrt{xy}\le\frac{x+y}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}+\sqrt{xy}\le\frac{y+z}{2}+\frac{x+z}{2}+\frac{x+y}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}+\sqrt{xy}\le\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}+\sqrt{xy}\le x+y+z\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}\le2\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{xz}+\sqrt{yz}}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{x+y+z}{2}\)
Ta có: \(x+y+z\ge3\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x+y+z}{2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{xz}+\sqrt{yz}}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Vì \(\frac{x^2}{x+\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{y^2}{y+\sqrt{xz}}+\frac{z^2}{z+\sqrt{xy}}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}+\sqrt{xy}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{x+\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{y^2}{y+\sqrt{xz}}+\frac{z^2}{z+\sqrt{xy}}\ge\frac{3}{2}\) ( đpcm )
1111111111111111111
\(VT=\Sigma\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xy}=3+\Sigma\frac{z\left(x+y\right)}{xy}\)
Đến đây để ý \(\frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{z\left(x+y\right)}{xy}+\frac{y\left(z+x\right)}{zx}\right]\ge\sqrt{\frac{\left(z+x\right)\left(x+y\right)}{x^2}}\left(\text{AM - GM}\right)\)
Là xong.
Đặt \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(a^3;b^3;c^3\right)\Rightarrow abc=1\)
\(VT=\sum\frac{\sqrt{1+a^6+b^6}}{a^3b^3}\ge\sum\frac{\sqrt{3\sqrt[3]{a^6b^6}}}{a^3b^3}=\sqrt{3}\left(\frac{1}{a^2b^2}+\frac{1}{b^2c^2}+\frac{1}{c^2a^2}\right)\)
\(VT\ge\sqrt{3}.3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{a^2b^2.b^2c^2.c^2a^2}}=3\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\) hay \(x=y=z=1\)
\(1=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{z}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{y}\right)\)
\(\ge\sqrt{\frac{x}{y}.\frac{y}{z}}+\sqrt{\frac{y}{z}.\frac{z}{x}}+\sqrt{\frac{z}{x}.\frac{x}{y}}=VP\) (rút gọn lại thôi:v)
\(\sqrt{x\left(y+z\right)}\le\frac{x+y+z}{2}\)( Cauchy)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{x}{y+z}}=\frac{x}{\sqrt{x\left(y+z\right)}}\le\frac{x}{\frac{x+y+z}{2}}=\frac{2x}{x+y+z}\)
Chứng minh tương tự:
\(\sqrt{\frac{y}{x+z}}\le\frac{2y}{x+y+z};\sqrt{\frac{z}{x+y}}\le\frac{2z}{x+y+z}\)
Cộng theo vế suy ra đocn. Dấu "=" ko xảy ra
Đặt \(a=\sqrt{x},b=\sqrt{y},c=\sqrt{z}\left(a,b,c>0\right)\)
Khi đó
\(P=\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\)và \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\)
<=>\(P=\frac{a^4}{a^2b}+\frac{b^4}{cb^2}+\frac{c^4}{ac^2}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^2b+cb^2+ac^2}\)(bất đẳng thức cosi schwaz)
Ta có
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=\left(a^3+b^2a\right)+\left(b^3+bc^2\right)+\left(c^3+ca^2\right)+\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\)
\(\ge3\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\)
=> \(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\le\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\le\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^3}\)
Khi đó
\(P\ge\sqrt{3}.\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^3}}=\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\ge3\)(ĐPCM)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c=1 => x=y=z=1