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Dat \(\left(a,b,c\right)=\left(\frac{1}{x},\frac{1}{y},\frac{1}{z}\right)\left(a,b,c>0,abc=1\right)\)
Ta co \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\Rightarrow\frac{3}{ab+bc+ca}\ge\frac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\left(1\right)\)
BDT phu \(1+\frac{3}{ab+bc+ca}\ge\frac{6}{a+b+c}\left(2\right)\)
Do (1) nen (2) tuong duong voi
\(1+\frac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge\frac{6}{a+b+c}\Leftrightarrow\left(1-\frac{3}{a+b+c}\right)^2\ge0\left(dung\right)\)
Suy ra (2) duoc chung minh
Do \(abc=1\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}ab=\frac{1}{xy}=\frac{xyz}{xy}=z\\bc=x\\ca=y\end{cases}}\)
nen (2) tuong duong \(1+\frac{3}{x+y+z}\ge\frac{6}{xy+yz+zx}\)
=> \(\frac{1}{x+y+z}\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{6}{x+y+z}-1\right)=\frac{2}{x+y+z}-\frac{1}{3}\)
Suy ra \(P\ge\frac{2}{x+y+z}-\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{x+y+z}=-\frac{1}{3}\)
Dau = xay ra khi x=y=z=1
\(yz\le\frac{\left(y+z\right)^2}{4}\Rightarrow\frac{x^2\left(y+z\right)}{yz}\ge\frac{4x^2}{y+z}\)
Do đó \(P\ge\frac{4x^2}{y+z}+\frac{4y^2}{z+x}+\frac{4z^2}{x+y}\ge\frac{4\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=2\)(Vì x+y+z = 1)
Vậy Min P= 2. Dấu "=" có <=> x = y = z = 1/3.
\(P=\frac{9}{1-2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}+\frac{2}{xyz}=\frac{9}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2-2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}+\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{xyz}\)
\(=\frac{9}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\frac{6\sqrt[3]{xyz}}{xyz}\ge\frac{9}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\frac{18}{3\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}}\)
\(\ge\frac{9}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\frac{36}{2\left(xy+yx+xz\right)}\ge9\left(\frac{1}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}+\frac{2^2}{2\left(xy+yz=xz\right)}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{81}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2=81}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1/3
Ta có: \(xy+yz+zx=xyz\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=1\)
Đặt \(a=\frac{1}{x};b=\frac{1}{y};c=\frac{1}{z}\)ta có: \(a,b,c>0;a+b+c=1\)do đó 0<a,b,c<1
\(P=\frac{b^2}{a}+\frac{c^2}{b}+\frac{a^2}{c}+6\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(=\frac{b^2}{a}+\frac{c^2}{b}+\frac{a^2}{c}+2\left(a+b+c\right)^2-\left(a-b\right)^2-\left(b-c\right)^2-\left(c-a\right)^2+3\)
\(=\left(\frac{b^2}{a}-2b+a\right)+\left(\frac{c^2}{b}-2c+b\right)+\left(\frac{a^2}{c}-2a+c\right)-\left(a-b\right)^2-\left(b-c\right)^2-\left(c-a\right)^2+3\)
\(=\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{a}+\frac{\left(b-c\right)^2}{b}+\frac{\left(c-a\right)^2}{c}-\left(a-b\right)^2-\left(b-c\right)^2-\left(c-a\right)^2+3\)
\(=\frac{\left(1-a\right)\left(a-b\right)^2}{a}+\frac{\left(1-b\right)\left(b-c\right)^2}{b}+\frac{\left(1-c\right)\left(c-a\right)^2}{c}+3\ge3\)
Vậy GTNN của P=3
\(P=\frac{x^4}{x^2y^2+x^2yz+z^2x^2}+\frac{y^4}{y^2z^2+xzy^2+x^2y^2}+\frac{z^4}{z^2x^2+xyz^2+y^2z^2}\)
ÁP DỤNG BĐT CAUCHY - SCHWARZ TA ĐƯỢC:
=> \(P\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{2\left(x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2\right)+xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}\) (1)
TA SẼ CHỨNG MINH: \(\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{2\left(x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2\right)+xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}\ge1\) (2)
<=> \(x^4+y^4+z^4+2\left(x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2\right)\ge2\left(x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2\right)+xyz\left(x+y+z\right)\)
<=> \(x^4+y^4+z^4\ge xyz\left(x+y+z\right)\) (*)
TA ÁP DỤNG LIÊN TỤC 2 LẦN DẠNG BĐT SAU: \(\alpha^2+\beta^2+\gamma^2\ge\alpha\beta+\beta\gamma+\alpha\gamma\)
KHI ĐÓ TA SẼ ĐƯỢC: \(\Rightarrow x^4+y^4+z^4\ge x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2\ge xyz\left(x+y+z\right)\)
VẬY BĐT (*) LÀ LUÔN ĐÚNG.
=> TỪ (1) VÀ (2) => \(P\ge1\)
DẤU "=" XẢY RA <=> \(x=y=z\)
VẬY P MIN = 1 <=> x = y = z .
\(P=\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}\ge\frac{4}{xy+yz}=\frac{4}{y\left(x+z\right)}=\frac{4}{y\left(2-y\right)}=\frac{4}{1-\left(y-1\right)^2}\)
Do \(0< y< 2\Rightarrow0< 1-\left(y-1\right)^2\le1\Rightarrow\frac{4}{1-\left(y-1\right)^2}\ge4\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=4\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=1\\x=z=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có : \(x+y+z=2\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2=4\Rightarrow4\ge4\left(x+y\right)z\Rightarrow1\ge\left(x+z\right)y\)
Lại có : \(P=\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}=\frac{z+x}{xyz}=\frac{\left(x+z\right).1}{xyz}\ge\frac{\left(x+z\right)\left(x+z\right).y}{xyz}=\frac{\left(x+z\right)^2.y}{xyz}\ge\frac{4xzy}{xyz}=4\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+z=y\\x=z;x+y+z=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow y=1;x=z=\frac{1}{2}\)
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