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Bên học24 mình đã xài \(\Delta\) vậy bên này mình sẽ xài HĐT kiểu Cosi như ý bn :))
Áp dụng BĐT \(xy\le\frac{x^2+y^2}{2}\) ta có:
\(x^2+y^2=4+xy\le4+\frac{x^2+y^2}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le4+\frac{A}{2}\Rightarrow A\le8\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=\pm2\)
*)Nếu \(xy\ge0\Rightarrow A\ge4\)
*)Nếu \(xy< 0\). WLOG \(x>0;y< 0\). \(y\rightarrow-z\left(z>0\right)\)
Have \(\frac{A}{4}=\frac{x^2+y^2}{4}=\frac{x^2+y^2}{x^2+y^2-xy}\)
\(=1+\frac{xy}{x^2+y^2+xy}=1-\frac{zx}{x^2+z^2+xz}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+z^2\ge2xz\\x^2+z^2+xz\ge3xz\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{xz}{x^2+z^2+zx}\le\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{A}{4}=1-\frac{zx}{x^2+z^2+xz}\ge1-\frac{1}{3}=\frac{2}{3}\Rightarrow A\ge\frac{8}{3}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\\y=-\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\end{cases}}\) hoặc \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\\y=\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\end{cases}}\)
\(P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\Sigma\frac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}\right)\le\frac{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2}{6x^2y^2z^2}\le\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{6x^2y^2z^2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=y=z=1\)
mình nhầm :) làm lại nhé
\(P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\Sigma\frac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}\right)\le\frac{\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)^2}{6xyz}\le\frac{xy+yz+zx}{2xyz}\le\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{2xyz}=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(2=x^2+y^2+z^2\ge y^2+z^2\ge2yz\Rightarrow yz\le1\)
\(P=x\left(1-yz\right)+y+z\Rightarrow P^2\le\left[x^2+\left(y+z\right)^2\right]\left[\left(1-yz\right)^2+1\right]\)
\(P^2\le\left(2+2yz\right)\left(y^2z^2-2yz+2\right)\)
\(P^2\le2\left(yz\right)^3-2\left(yz\right)^2+4=2y^2z^2\left(yz-1\right)+4\le4\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le2\)
\(P_{max}=2\) khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(0;1;1\right)\) và các hoán vị
\(3=x+y+xy\le\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}+\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{x^2+y^2}-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{x^2+y^2}+3\sqrt{2}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(x^2+y^2\right)\le-2\)
\(P=\sqrt{9-x^2}+\sqrt{9-y^2}+\dfrac{x+y}{4}\le\sqrt{2\left(9-x^2+9-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}}{4}\)
\(P\le\sqrt{2\left(18-x^2-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4}.\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)
\(P\le\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)\sqrt{18-x^2-y^2}+\sqrt[]{2}\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(18-x^2-y^2\right)}{2}}+\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{2}}\)
\(P\le\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right).\sqrt{18-2}+\sqrt{\left(2+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\left(\dfrac{18-x^2-y^2+x^2+y^2}{2}\right)}=\dfrac{1+8\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=1\)
\(x+y=4xy\Rightarrow\frac{x+y}{xy}=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=4\)
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}>=\frac{4}{x+y}\Rightarrow4>=\frac{4}{x+y}\Rightarrow x+y>=1\)(bđt svacxo)
\(x^2+y^2>=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2};xy< =\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=x^2+y^2-xy>=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}-\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}>=\frac{1^2}{4}=\frac{1}{4}\)
dấu = xảy ra khi \(x+y=1;x=y\Rightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{2}\left(tm\right)\)
vậy min P là \(\frac{1}{4}\)khi x=y=\(\frac{1}{2}\)
\(x\ge xy+1\Rightarrow1\ge y+\dfrac{1}{x}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{y}{x}}\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{x}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(Q^2=\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2}{3x^2-xy+y^2}=\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{y}{x}\right)^2+2\left(\dfrac{y}{x}\right)+1}{\left(\dfrac{y}{x}\right)^2-\dfrac{y}{x}+3}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{y}{x}=t\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(Q^2=\dfrac{t^2+2t+1}{t^2-t+3}=\dfrac{t^2+2t+1}{t^2-t+3}-\dfrac{5}{9}+\dfrac{5}{9}\)
\(Q^2=\dfrac{\left(4t-1\right)\left(t+6\right)}{9\left(t^2-t+3\right)}+\dfrac{5}{9}\le\dfrac{5}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q_{max}=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{3}\) khi \(t=\dfrac{1}{4}\) hay \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(2;\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)
x^2+y^2=4+xy
suy ra A_max thì xy max
ta có x^2+y^2>=2xy suy ra x^2+y^2=2xy (1) (để xy max)
x^2+y^2=4+xy (2)
Từ 1 và 2 suy ra 2xy=4+xy
suy ra xy=4
suy ra x^2+y^2=8
dấu"=" khi x=y