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\(x+y=2\Rightarrow y=2-x\)
\(P=2x^2-\left(2-x\right)^2-5x+\dfrac{1}{x}+2020=x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{x}+2016\)
\(P=x^2+1-x+\dfrac{1}{x}+2015\ge2x-x+\dfrac{1}{x}+2015\)
\(P\ge x+\dfrac{1}{x}+2015\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{x}}+2015=2017\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=1\)
có: \(\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}=\dfrac{1}{\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy}=\dfrac{1}{1-2xy}\)(1)
có \(\dfrac{1}{xy}=\dfrac{2}{2xy}\left(2\right)\)
từ(1)(2)=>A=\(\dfrac{1}{1-2xy}+\dfrac{2}{2xy}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}{1}=\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)^2\)
=>Min A=(1+\(\sqrt{2}\))^2
\(P=\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{1}{3y}=\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{3}}{y}\ge\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)^2}{x+y}=\dfrac{\dfrac{16}{3}}{\dfrac{4}{3}}=4\)
\(min_P=4\Leftrightarrow x=1;y=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(P=\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{x+y-x}}+\dfrac{y}{\sqrt{x+y-y}}=\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{y}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2}{x\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{y^2}{y\sqrt{x}}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}}=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{\sqrt{xy}\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{\dfrac{x+y}{2}.\left(1.\sqrt{x}+1.\sqrt{y}\right)}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{\dfrac{x+y}{2}.\sqrt{\left(1^2+1^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}}=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{2}\)
"=" khi x = y = 1/2
Áp dụng BĐT Minicopski ta có:
\(T=\sqrt{x^4+\frac{1}{x^4}}+\sqrt{y^2+\frac{1}{y^2}}\ge\sqrt{\left(x^2+y\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{1^2+\left(\frac{4}{x^2+y}\right)^2}=\sqrt{1+\left(\frac{4}{1}\right)^2}=\sqrt{17}\)
Nên GTNN của T là \(\sqrt{17}\) khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}\\y=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\sqrt{xy}\le\frac{x+y}{2}=\frac{2a}{2}=a\Rightarrow xy\le a^2\)
Ta có : \(A=\frac{x+y}{xy}\ge\frac{2a}{a^2}=\frac{a}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = y = a
vậy ....
AP DUNG BDT CAUCHY-SCHWAR : \(\frac{a^2}{x}+\frac{b^2}{y}+\frac{c^2}{z}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{x+y+z}\)(DAU "=" XAY RA KHI \(\frac{a}{x}=\frac{b}{y}=\frac{c}{z}\))
...Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(Q\ge\frac{\left(1+2+3\right)^2}{x+y+z}=\frac{36}{1}=36\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+z=1\\\frac{1}{x}=\frac{2}{y}=\frac{3}{z}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2x=y\\3y=2z\\z=3x\end{cases}}\)
Giải tiếp t cái dấu = :v
\(Q=\frac{x^3}{4\left(y+2\right)}+\frac{y^3}{4\left(x+2\right)}=\frac{x^3\left(x+2\right)}{4\left(x+2\right)\left(y+2\right)}+\frac{y^3\left(y+2\right)}{4\left(x+2\right)\left(y+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^4+y^4+2x^3+2y^3}{4\left(x+2\right)\left(y+2\right)}=\frac{x^4+y^4+2\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}{4\left(xy+2x+2y+4\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^4+y^4+2\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}{4\left(2x+2y+8\right)}=\frac{x^4+y^4+2\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}{8\left(x+y+4\right)}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM ta có :
\(x^4+y^4\ge2\sqrt{x^4y^4}=2x^2y^2\)
\(x^2+y^2\ge2\sqrt{x^2y^2}=2xy\)
\(Q=\frac{x^4+y^4+2\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}{8\left(x+y+4\right)}\ge\frac{2x^2y^2+2xy\left(x+y\right)}{8\left(x+y+4\right)}=\frac{2xy\left(xy+x+y\right)}{8\left(x+y+4\right)}=\frac{8\left(x+y+4\right)}{8\left(x+y+4\right)}=1\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x,y>0\\x=y\\xy=4\end{cases}}\Rightarrow x=y=2\)
Vậy GTNN của Q là 1 <=> x = y = 2
Or
\(Q-1=\frac{\left(x^2-y^2\right)^2+2\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2-8\right)}{4\left(x+2\right)\left(y+2\right)}\ge0\)*đúng do \(x^2+y^2\ge2xy=8\)*
Do đó \(Q\ge1\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = 2
Áp dụng BĐT cosi cho \(x,y>0\)
\(M=x+y+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge2\sqrt{x\cdot\dfrac{1}{x}}+2\sqrt{y\cdot\dfrac{1}{y}}=4\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=1\)
Mà \(x+y=2\le\dfrac{4}{3}\left(vô.lí\right)\) nên dấu \("="\) không xảy ra
Vậy M không có GTNN