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Do tam giác ABC vuông tại A và \(\widehat{B}=30^o\) \(\Rightarrow C=60^o\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\overrightarrow{AB},\overrightarrow{BC}\right)=150^o;\)\(\left(\overrightarrow{BA},\overrightarrow{BC}\right)=30^o;\left(\overrightarrow{AC},\overrightarrow{CB}\right)=120^o\)
\(\left(\overrightarrow{AB},\overrightarrow{AC}\right)=90^o;\left(\overrightarrow{BC},\overrightarrow{BA}\right)=30^o\).Do vậy:
a) \(\cos\left(\overrightarrow{AB},\overrightarrow{BC}\right)+\sin\left(\overrightarrow{BA},\overrightarrow{BC}\right)+\tan\frac{\left(\overrightarrow{AC},\overrightarrow{CB}\right)}{2}\)
\(=\cos150^o+\sin30^o+\tan60^o\)
\(=-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\sqrt{3}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{3}+1}{2}\)
b) \(\sin\left(\overrightarrow{AB},\overrightarrow{AC}\right)+\cos\left(\overrightarrow{BC},\overrightarrow{AB}\right)+\cos\left(\overrightarrow{CA},\overrightarrow{BA}\right)\)
\(=\sin90^o+\cos30^o+\cos0^o\)
\(=1+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
\(=\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
\(\left|\overrightarrow{OA}-\overrightarrow{CB}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{OA}+\overrightarrow{BC}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{OA}+\overrightarrow{AD}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{OD}\right|=OD=\dfrac{1}{2}BD=\dfrac{a\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\left|\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{DC}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AB}\right|=2\left|\overrightarrow{AB}\right|=2AB=2a\)
\(\left|\overrightarrow{CD}-\overrightarrow{DA}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{CD}+\overrightarrow{AD}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AD}\right|=\left|\overrightarrow{BD}\right|=BD=a\sqrt{2}\)
a, \(AC=\dfrac{AB}{sin45^o}=\dfrac{a}{\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}=a\sqrt{2}\)
\(\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}=AB.AC.cos\widehat{BAC}=a.a\sqrt{2}.cos45^o=a^2\)
b, \(\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AD}\right)\left(\overrightarrow{BD}+\overrightarrow{BC}\right)=\overrightarrow{AC}\left(\overrightarrow{BD}+\overrightarrow{BC}\right)\)
\(=\overrightarrow{AC}.\overrightarrow{BD}+\overrightarrow{AC}.\overrightarrow{BC}\)
\(=AC.BD.cos90^o+AC.AD.cos45^o\)
\(=a\sqrt{2}.a\sqrt{2}.0+a\sqrt{2}.a.\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}=a^2\)
c, \(\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{BD}=AB.BD.cos135^o=-a.a\sqrt{2}.\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}=-a^2\)
d, \(\left(\overrightarrow{AC}-\overrightarrow{AB}\right)\left(2\overrightarrow{AD}-\overrightarrow{AB}\right)=\overrightarrow{BC}.\left(\overrightarrow{AD}+\overrightarrow{BD}\right)\)
\(=\overrightarrow{BC}.\overrightarrow{AD}+\overrightarrow{BC}.\overrightarrow{BD}\)
\(=AD^2+BC.BD.cos45^o\)
\(=a^2+a.a\sqrt{2}.\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}=2a^2\)
e, \(\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{AD}\right)\left(\overrightarrow{DA}+\overrightarrow{DB}+\overrightarrow{DC}\right)\)
\(=\left(\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\left(\overrightarrow{DB}+\overrightarrow{DB}\right)\)
\(=4.\overrightarrow{AC}.\overrightarrow{DB}=4.AC.DB.cos90^o=0\)
a.
\(P=cos120^0+cos120^0+cos120^0=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
b.
\(A=\dfrac{\dfrac{sinx}{cosx}-\dfrac{cosx}{cosx}}{\dfrac{sinx}{cosx}+\dfrac{cosx}{cosx}}=\dfrac{tanx-1}{tanx+1}=\dfrac{2-1}{2+1}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
c.
\(A=\dfrac{cos\left(720+30\right)+sin\left(360+60\right)}{sin\left(-360+30\right)-cos\left(-360-30\right)}=\dfrac{cos30+sin60}{sin30-cos30}=-3-\sqrt{3}\)
Tham khảo:
A. Ta có: \(\left( {\overrightarrow {AB} ,\overrightarrow {BD} } \right) = \left( {\overrightarrow {BE} ,\overrightarrow {BD} } \right) = {135^o} \ne {45^o}.\) Vậy A sai.
B. Ta có: \(\left( {\overrightarrow {AC} ,\overrightarrow {BC} } \right) = \left( {\overrightarrow {CF} ,\overrightarrow {CG} } \right) = {45^o}\) và \(\overrightarrow {AC} .\overrightarrow {BC} = AC.BC.\cos {45^o} = a\sqrt 2 .a.\frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2} = {a^2}.\)
Vậy B đúng.
Chọn B
C. Dễ thấy \(AC \bot BD\) nên \(\overrightarrow {AC} .\overrightarrow {BD} = 0 \ne {a^2}\sqrt 2.\) Vậy C sai.
D. Ta có: \(\left( {\overrightarrow {BA} .\overrightarrow {BD} } \right) = {45^o}\) \( \Rightarrow \overrightarrow {BA} .\overrightarrow {BD} = BA.BD.\cos {45^o} = a.a\sqrt 2 .\frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2} = {a^2} \ne - {a^2}.\) Vậy D sai.
a) \(\begin{array}{l}\overrightarrow a = \left( {\overrightarrow {AC} + \overrightarrow {BD} } \right) + \overrightarrow {CB} = \left( {\overrightarrow {AC} + \overrightarrow {CB} } \right) + \overrightarrow {BD} \\ = \overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {BD} = \overrightarrow {AD}\\ \Rightarrow |{\overrightarrow a}|= \left| {\overrightarrow {AD} } \right| = AD = 1\end{array}\)
b) \(\begin{array}{l}\overrightarrow a = \overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {AD} + \overrightarrow {BC} + \overrightarrow {DA} = \left( {\overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {BC} } \right) + \left( {\overrightarrow {AD} + \overrightarrow {DA} } \right)\\ = \overrightarrow {AC} + \overrightarrow {AA} = \overrightarrow {AC} + \overrightarrow 0 = \overrightarrow {AC} \end{array}\)
\(AC = \sqrt {A{B^2} + B{C^2}} = \sqrt {{1^2} + {1^2}} = \sqrt 2 \)
\(\Rightarrow |{\overrightarrow a}|= \left| {\overrightarrow {AC} } \right| = \sqrt 2 \)
\(cos\left(\overrightarrow{AC};\overrightarrow{BA}\right)=cos\left(\overrightarrow{AC};\overrightarrow{AB'}\right)=cos\widehat{CAB'}=cos135^o\)\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\).
\(sin\left(\overrightarrow{AC};\overrightarrow{BD}\right)=sin90^o=1\) do \(AC\perp BD\).
\(cos\left(\overrightarrow{AB};\overrightarrow{CD}\right)=cos180^o=-1\) do hai véc tơ \(\overrightarrow{AB};\overrightarrow{CD}\) ngược hướng.