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Khoa Bùi Phạm (Em làm thử)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left|x\right|+x+\left|y\right|+y=2000\left(1\right)\\\left|x\right|-x+\left|y\right|-y=k\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)
Lấy (1)-(2) \(\Rightarrow2x+2y=2000-k\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x+y\right)=2000-k\)
Vì hệ phương trình có đúng hai no phân biệt (x;y)=(a;b) và (x;y)=(c;d)
Nên \(2\left(x+y\right)=a+b+c+d\)
Vậy \(a+b+c+d=2000-k\)
P/s: k chắc lắm -.- . Nếu có lỗi sai mong thầy/cô và các bn chỉ ra giúp em. Cảm ơn!
3a)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x-2}+\dfrac{1}{2y-1}=2\\\dfrac{2}{x-2}-\dfrac{3}{2y-1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\) (ĐK: x≠2;y≠\(\dfrac{1}{2}\))
Đặt \(\dfrac{1}{x-2}=a;\dfrac{1}{2y-1}=b\) (ĐK: a>0; b>0)
Hệ phương trình đã cho trở thành
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2\\2a-3b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2-b\\2\left(2-b\right)-3b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2-b\\4-2b-3b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2-b\\b=\dfrac{3}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{7}{5}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\\b=\dfrac{3}{5}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) Khi đó \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x-2}=\dfrac{7}{5}\\\dfrac{1}{2y-1}=\dfrac{3}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7\left(x-2\right)=5\\3\left(2y-1\right)=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7x-14=5\\6y-3=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{19}{7}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\\y=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) Vậy hệ phương trình đã cho có nghiệm duy nhất (x;y)=\(\left(\dfrac{19}{7};\dfrac{4}{3}\right)\)
b) Bạn làm tương tự như câu a kết quả là (x;y)=\(\left(\dfrac{12}{5};\dfrac{-14}{5}\right)\)
c)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{y}=13\\2\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{y}=4\end{matrix}\right.\)(ĐK: x≥1;y≥0)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{y}=13\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-1}+4\sqrt{x-1}=13\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7\sqrt{x-1}=13\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}49\left(x-1\right)=169\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}49x-49=169\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{218}{49}\\y=\dfrac{4}{49}\end{matrix}\right.\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\)
Bài 4:
Theo đề, ta có hệ:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\left(3a-2\right)-2\left(2b+1\right)=30\\3\left(a+2\right)+2\left(3b-1\right)=-20\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>9a-6-4b-2=30 và 3a+6+6b-2=-20
=>9a-4b=38 và 3a+6b=-20+2-6=-24
=>a=2; b=-5
a: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{1}{2}y=2\\\dfrac{3}{2}x-y=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y=4\\3x-2y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x-2y=8\\3x-2y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\2x-y=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\y=2x-4=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
Để hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất thì \(\dfrac{1}{m}\ne\dfrac{m}{1}\)
=>\(m^2\ne1\)
=>\(m\notin\left\{1;-1\right\}\)
Khi \(m\notin\left\{1;-1\right\}\) thì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+my=m+1\\mx+y=2m\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m+1-my\\m\left(m+1-my\right)+y=2m\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m+1-my\\m^2+m-m^2y+y-2m=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y\left(-m^2+1\right)=-m^2+m\\x=m+1-my\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{m^2-m}{m^2-1}=\dfrac{m\left(m-1\right)}{\left(m-1\right)\left(m+1\right)}=\dfrac{m}{m+1}\\x=m+1-\dfrac{m^2}{m+1}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{m}{m+1}\\x=\dfrac{\left(m+1\right)^2-m^2}{m+1}=\dfrac{2m+1}{m+1}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Để \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>=2\\y>=1\end{matrix}\right.\) thì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2m+1}{m+1}>=2\\\dfrac{m}{m+1}>=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2m+1-2\left(m+1\right)}{m+1}>=0\\\dfrac{m-m-1}{m+1}>=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2m+1-2m-2}{m+1}>=0\\\dfrac{-1}{m+1}>=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\dfrac{1}{m+1}>=0\\-\dfrac{1}{m+1}>=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow m+1< 0\)
=>m<-1
Lời giải:
a.
Từ $x+y=2\Rightarrow y=2-x$. Thay vào PT(2):
$(m+1)x+m(2-x)=7$
$\Leftrightarrow x+2m=7$
$\Leftrightarrow x=7-2m$
$y=2-x=2-(7-2m)=2m-5$
Vậy hpt có nghiệm $(x,y)=(7-2m, 2m-5)(*)$
Nếu $x,y$ có 1 số $\geq 0$, một số $\leq 0$ thì $xy\leq 0< 1$
Nếu $x,y$ cùng $\geq 0$ thì áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:
$2=x+y\geq 2\sqrt{xy}\Rightarrow xy\leq 1$
Vậy tóm lại $xy\leq 1(**)$
Từ $(*); (**)$ suy ra với mọi $m$ thì hpt luôn có nghiệm $x,y$ thỏa mãn $xy\leq 1$
b.
$xy>0$
$\Leftrightarrow (7-2m)(2m-5)>0$
$\Leftrightarrow 7> 2m> 5$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{7}{2}> m> \frac{5}{2}$
Do $m$ nguyên nên $m=3$
Thử lại thấy đúng.
a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\left(x+1\right)-3\left(y-2\right)=5\\-4\left(x-2\right)+5\left(y-3\right)=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+2-3y+6=5\\-4x+8+5y-15=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-3y=-3\\-4x+5y=6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x-6y=-6\\-4x+5y=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-y=0\\2x-3y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=0\\2x-3\cdot0=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
hay \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất là \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}8\left(x-3\right)-3\left(y+1\right)=-2\\3\left(x+2\right)-2\left(1-y\right)=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}8x-24-3y-3=-2\\3x+6-2+2y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}8x-3y=25\\3x+2y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x-9y=75\\24x+16y=8\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-25y=67\\3x+2y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{-67}{25}\\3x=1-2y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x=1-2\cdot\dfrac{-67}{25}=\dfrac{159}{25}\\y=-\dfrac{67}{25}\end{matrix}\right.\)
hay \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{53}{25}\\y=-\dfrac{67}{25}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: Hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất là \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{53}{25}\\y=-\dfrac{67}{25}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) HPT \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-3y=-3\\-4x+5y=6\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x-6y=-6\\-4x+5y=6\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-y=0\\x=\dfrac{3y-3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=0\\x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hệ phương trình có nghiệm \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(-\dfrac{3}{2};0\right)\)
b) HPT \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}8x-3y=25\\3x+2y=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}16x-6y=50\\9x+6y=3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}25x=53\\y=\dfrac{1-3x}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{53}{25}\\y=-\dfrac{67}{25}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hệ phương trình có nghiệm \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\dfrac{53}{25};-\dfrac{67}{25}\right)\)
a: Vì \(\dfrac{1}{2}\ne-\dfrac{2}{1}\)
nên hệ luôn có nghiệm duy nhất
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y=3-m\\2x+y=3\left(m+2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y=3-m\\4x+2y=6\left(m+2\right)=6m+12\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x=3-m+6m+12=5m+15\\x-2y=3-m\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m+3\\2y=x-3+m=m+3-3+m=2m\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m+3\\y=m\end{matrix}\right.\)
Để x>0 và y<0 thì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m+3>0\\m< 0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>-3<m<0
b: \(A=x^2+y^2=\left(m+3\right)^2+m^2\)
\(=2m^2+6m+9\)
\(=2\left(m^2+3m+\dfrac{9}{2}\right)\)
\(=2\left(m^2+3m+\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)\)
\(=2\left(m+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{9}{2}>=\dfrac{9}{2}\forall m\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(m+\dfrac{3}{2}=0\)
=>\(m=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Lần lượt cộng và trừ pt trên cho dưới ta được:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x\right|+\left|y\right|=1008+\dfrac{k}{2}\\x+y=1008-\dfrac{k}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nếu x, y cùng dấu \(\Rightarrow\) hệ luôn có vô số nghiệm \(\Rightarrow\) không t/m
\(\Rightarrow\) x, y trái dấu
TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge0\\y\le0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=1008+\dfrac{k}{2}\\x+y=1008-\dfrac{k}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1008\\y=\dfrac{-k}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\left(k\ge0\right)\)
TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le0\\y\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x+y=1008+\dfrac{k}{2}\\x+y=1008-\dfrac{k}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-k}{2}\\y=1008\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\left(k\ge0\right)\)
Vậy \(a+b+c+d=2016-k\)