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\(a,\)
Xét \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Leftrightarrow ad=bc\)
mà \(ad=bc\left(gt\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
\(b,\)
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\) (Chứng minh câu a)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}=\dfrac{a}{b}\)
\(c,\)
Xét \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\Leftrightarrow ad=bc\)
mà \(ad=bc\left(gt\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
\(d,\)
\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\) (Chứng minh câu c)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{a+b}=\dfrac{c}{c+d}\)
\(e,\)
\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{2a}{2c}\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{2a}{2c}=\dfrac{2a+b}{2c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2a+b}{2c+d}=\dfrac{a}{c}\)
Ta có \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=>\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}=\frac{a-b}{c-d}=>\frac{a}{a-b}=\frac{c}{c-d} \)
a: Đặt a/b=b/c=c/d=k
=>a=bk; b=ck; c=dk
=>a=bk; b=dk^2; c=dk
=>a=dk^3; b=dk^2; c=dk
\(\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{dk^3+dk^2+dk}{dk^2+dk+d}\right)^3=k^3\)
\(\dfrac{a}{d}=\dfrac{dk^3}{d}=k^3\)
=>\(\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3=\dfrac{a}{d}\)
c: Đặt a/2003=b/2004=c/2005=k
=>a=2003k; b=2004k; c=2005k
4(a-b)(b-c)=(c-a)^2
=>4(2004k-2003k)(2005k-2004k)=(2005k-2003k)^2
=>4*k*k=(2k)^2(luôn đúng)
=>ĐPCM
Câu 2 :
\(x-y=7\)
\(\Rightarrow x=7+y\)
*)
\(B=\dfrac{3\left(7+y\right)-7}{2\left(7+y\right)+y}-\dfrac{3y+7}{2y+7+y}\)
\(=\dfrac{21+3y-7}{14+3y}-\dfrac{3y+7}{3y+7}\)
\(=\dfrac{14y+3y}{14y+3y}-1\)
\(=1-1\)
\(=0\)
Vậy B = 0
2/ Ta có :
\(B=\dfrac{3x-7}{2x+y}-\dfrac{3y+7}{2y+x}\)
\(=\dfrac{3x-\left(x-y\right)}{2x+y}-\dfrac{3y+\left(x-y\right)}{2y+x}\)
\(=\dfrac{3x-x+y}{2y+x}-\dfrac{3y+x-y}{2y+x}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x+y}{2x+y}-\dfrac{2y+x}{2y+x}\)
\(=1-1=0\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
a/ \(VT=\dfrac{a+b}{b}=\dfrac{bk+b}{b}=\dfrac{b\left(k+1\right)}{b}=k+1=\left(1\right)\)
\(VP=\dfrac{c+d}{d}=\dfrac{dk+d}{d}=\dfrac{d\left(k+1\right)}{d}=k+1\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{b}=\dfrac{c+d}{d}\)
b/ \(VT=\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{bk}{bk-b}=\dfrac{bk}{b\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k-1}\left(1\right)\)
\(VP=\dfrac{c}{c-d}=\dfrac{dk}{dk-d}=\dfrac{dk}{d\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k-1}\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{c}{c-d}\)
c/ \(VT=\dfrac{2a-5b}{2c-5d}=\dfrac{2bk-5b}{2dk-5d}=\dfrac{b\left(2k-5\right)}{d\left(2k-5\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\left(1\right)\)
\(VP=\dfrac{3a+4b}{3c+4d}=\dfrac{3bk+4b}{3dk+4d}=\dfrac{b\left(3k+4\right)}{d\left(3k+4\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2a-5b}{2c-5đ}=\dfrac{3a+4b}{3c+4d}\)
d/ \(VT=\dfrac{a^2-c^2}{b^2-d^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk\right)^2-\left(dk\right)^2}{b^2-k^2}=\dfrac{k^2\left(b^2-d^2\right)}{b^2-d^2}=k^2\left(1\right)\)
\(VP=\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{bk.dk}{bd}=k^2\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2-c^2}{b^2-d^2}=\dfrac{ac}{bd}\)
Ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{1}{c}:\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{1}{c}\cdot\dfrac{2}{1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{2}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{b}{ab}+\dfrac{a}{ab}=\dfrac{2}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{ab}=\dfrac{2}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow2ab=\left(a+b\right)c\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+ab=ac+bc\)
\(\Rightarrow ac-ab=ab-bc\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(c-b\right)=b\left(a-c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{a-c}{c-b}\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{a-c}{c-b}\)