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\(\dfrac{y+z+t-2020x}{x}=\dfrac{z+t+x-2020y}{y}=\dfrac{t+x+y-2020z}{z}=\dfrac{x+y+z-2020t}{t}=\dfrac{-2017\left(x+y+z+t\right)}{x+y+z+t}=-2017\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y+z+t-2020x=-2017x\\z+t+x-2020y=-2017y\\t+x+y-2020z=-2017z\\x+y+z-2020t=-2017t\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+z+t=2x\\x+y+z+t=2y\\x+y+z+t=2z\\x+y+z+t=2t\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow x=y=z=t=\dfrac{x+y+z+t}{2}=1010\\ \Leftrightarrow A=1010\left(2019-2020+2021-2022\right)=1010\left(-2\right)=-2020\)
Xét \(x+y+z=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y+z=-x\\z+x=-y\\x+y=-z\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(2-1\right)\left(2-1\right)\left(2-1\right)=1\)
Xét \(x+y+z\ne0\) thì ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{y+z+3x}=\dfrac{y}{z+x+3y}=\dfrac{z}{x+y+3z}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{5x+5y+5z}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{5\left(x+y+z\right)}=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x=y+z+3x\\5y=z+x+3y\\5z=x+y+3z\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=y+z\\2y=z+x\\2z=x+y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(2+2\right)\left(2+2\right)\left(2+2\right)=64\)
Vậy \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}A=1\\A=64\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nếu bị lỗi thì bạn có thể xem đây nhé:
TH1: \(x+y+z+t\ne0\)
Áp dụng t/c dtsbn ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{y+z+t}=\dfrac{y}{z+t+x}=\dfrac{z}{t+x+y}=\dfrac{t}{x+y+z}=\dfrac{x+y+z+t}{3\left(x+y+z+t\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)\(\dfrac{x}{y+z+t}=\dfrac{1}{3}\Rightarrow3x=y+z+t\Rightarrow4x=x+y+z+t\\ \dfrac{y}{z+t+x}=\dfrac{1}{3}\Rightarrow3y=x+z+t\Rightarrow4y=x+y+z+t\\ \dfrac{z}{t+x+y}=\dfrac{1}{3}\Rightarrow3z=x+y+t\Rightarrow4z=x+y+z+t\\ \dfrac{t}{x+y+z}=\dfrac{1}{3}\Rightarrow3t=x+y+z\Rightarrow4t=x+y+z+t\)
\(\Rightarrow4x=4y=4z=4t\\
\Rightarrow x=y=z=t\)
\(P=\dfrac{x+y}{z+t}+\dfrac{y+z}{t+x}+\dfrac{z+t}{x+y}+\dfrac{t+x}{y+z}\\ =1+1+1+1\\ =4\)
TH1: \(x+y+z+t=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-\left(z+t\right)\\y+z=-\left(x+t\right)\\z+t=-\left(x+y\right)\\t+x=-\left(y+z\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(P=\dfrac{x+y}{z+t}+\dfrac{y+z}{t+x}+\dfrac{z+t}{x+y}+\dfrac{t+x}{y+z}\\ =\dfrac{-\left(z+t\right)}{z+t}+\dfrac{-\left(t+x\right)}{t+x}+\dfrac{-\left(x+y\right)}{x+y}+\dfrac{-\left(y+z\right)}{y+z}\\ =-1-1-1-1\\ =-4\)
Lời giải:
Nếu $x+y+z+t=0$ thì:
$P=\frac{-(z+t)}{z+t}+\frac{-(t+x)}{t+x}+\frac{-(x+y)}{x+y}+\frac{-(y+z)}{y+z}$
$=-1+(-1)+(-1)+(-1)=-4$
Nếu $x+y+z+t\neq 0$ thì áp dụng TCDTSBN:
$\frac{x}{y+z+t}=\frac{y}{z+t+x}=\frac{z}{t+x+y}=\frac{t}{x+y+z}=\frac{x+y+z+t}{3(x+y+z+t)}=\frac{1}{3}$
$\Rightarrow 3x=y+z+t; 3y=z+t+x; 3z=t+x+y; 3t=x+y+z$
$\Rightarrow x=y=z=t$
$\Rightarrow P=1+1+1+1=4$
Ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{y+z}=\dfrac{y}{z+x}=\dfrac{z}{x+y}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{y+z}=\dfrac{y}{z+x}=\dfrac{z}{x+y}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{y+z+z+x+x+y}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2\cdot\left(x+y+z\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}.\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{x}{y+z}=\dfrac{y}{z+x}=\dfrac{z}{x+y}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)