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\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2+y^2+2x+2y+2}{\left(1+x+y+xy\right)^2}\ge\frac{1}{1+xy}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+xy\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+2\left(xy+x+y+1\right)\right]\ge\left(1+x+y+xy\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+xy\right)\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(1+x+y+xy\right)\left(2+2xy-1-x-y-xy\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+xy\right)\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(xy+1+x+y\right)\left(xy+1-x-y\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+xy\right)\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(xy+1\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+xy\left(x-y\right)^2+x^2y^2+1-x^2-y^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(xy-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Áp dụng BĐT : ( a + b + c )2 \(\ge\)3 ( ab + bc + ac )
Ta có : \(\frac{\left(x+y+1\right)^2}{xy+y+x}\ge\frac{3\left(xy+y+x\right)}{xy+y+x}=3\)
đặt \(\frac{\left(x+y+1\right)^2}{xy+y+x}=A\)
ta có : \(A+\frac{1}{A}=\frac{8A}{9}+\frac{A}{9}+\frac{1}{A}\ge\frac{8.3}{9}+2\sqrt{\frac{A}{9}.\frac{1}{A}}=\frac{8}{3}+\frac{2}{3}=\frac{10}{3}\)
Ta có \(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)
=> \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ac\)=> \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
Áp dụng ta được
\(\left(x+y+1\right)^2\ge3\left(x+y+xy\right)\)=> \(\frac{\left(x+y+1\right)^2}{xy+y+x}\ge3\)
Đặt \(\frac{\left(x+y+1\right)^2}{x+y+xy}=t\)(\(t\ge3\))
Khi đó
\(VT=t+\frac{1}{t}=\left(\frac{t}{9}+\frac{1}{t}\right)+\frac{8}{9}t\ge\frac{2}{3}+\frac{8}{9}.3=\frac{10}{3}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}t=3\\x=y=1\end{cases}}\)=> x=y=1
Lưu ý
Nhiều người sẽ nhầm \(VT\ge2\)
Khi đó dấu bằng \(\left(x+y+1\right)^2=xy+x+y\)không xảy ra
Câu 2/
\(\frac{a^2+bc}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{b^2+ca}{b^2\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{c^2+ab}{c^2\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2+bc}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}-\frac{1}{a}+\frac{b^2+ca}{b^2\left(c+a\right)}-\frac{1}{b}+\frac{c^2+ab}{c^2\left(a+b\right)}-\frac{1}{c}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(b-a\right)\left(c-a\right)}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-b\right)}{b^2\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}{c^2\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4b^4+b^4c^4+c^4a^4-a^4b^2c^2-a^2b^4c^2-a^2b^2c^4\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4b^4+b^4c^4+c^4a^4\ge a^4b^2c^2+a^2b^4c^2+a^2b^2c^4\left(1\right)\)
Ma ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}a^4b^4+b^4c^4\ge2a^2b^4c^2\left(2\right)\\b^4c^4+c^4a^4\ge2a^2b^2c^4\left(3\right)\\c^4a^4+a^4b^4\ge2a^4b^2c^2\left(4\right)\end{cases}}\)
Cộng (2), (3), (4) vế theo vế rồi rút gọn cho 2 ta được điều phải chứng minh là đúng.
PS: Nếu nghĩ được cách khác đơn giản hơn sẽ chép lên cho b sau. Tạm cách này đã.
\(\left(1+x\right)^2=\left(1.1+\sqrt{xy}.\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{y}}\right)^2\le\left(1+xy\right)\left(1+\dfrac{x}{y}\right)=\dfrac{\left(1+xy\right)\left(x+y\right)}{y}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\left(1+x\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{y}{\left(1+xy\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{\left(1+y\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{x}{\left(1+xy\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(1+x\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(1+y\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{x+y}{\left(1+xy\right)\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{1}{1+xy}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=1\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{x}{1+x^2}+\frac{18y}{1+y^2}+\frac{4z}{1+z^2}=xyz\left(\frac{1}{yz\left(1+x^2\right)}+\frac{18}{xz\left(1+y^2\right)}+\frac{4}{xy\left(1+z^2\right)}\right)\)
\(=xyz\left(\frac{1}{yz+x\left(x+y+z\right)}+\frac{18}{xz+y\left(x+y+z\right)}+\frac{4}{xy+z\left(x+y+z\right)}\right)\)
\(=xyz\left(\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right).\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{18}{\left(y+x\right).\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{4}{\left(z+x\right).\left(z+y\right)}\right)\)
\(=xyz.\frac{\left(z+y\right)+18.\left(x+z\right)+4\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y\right).\left(y+z\right).\left(z+x\right)}\)
\(=\frac{xyz\left(22x+5y+19z\right)}{\left(x+y\right).\left(y+z\right).\left(z+x\right)}\)(đpcm)
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