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Câu hỏi của Đào Thị Lan Nhi - Toán lớp 7 - Học trực tuyến OLM
Ta có:\(\frac{b+c+d}{a}=\frac{c+d+a}{b}=\frac{d+a+b}{c}=\frac{a+b+c}{d}\)
=>\(\frac{b+c+d}{a}+1=\frac{c+d+a}{b}+1=\frac{d+a+b}{c}+1=\frac{a+b+c}{d}+1\)
=>\(\frac{a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{d}\)
Vì các phân số trên có cùng tử. Nên các mẫu của phân số đó bằng nhau.
=>a=b=c=d
=>M=\(\frac{a+b}{c+d}+\frac{b+c}{d+a}+\frac{c+d}{a+b}+\frac{d+a}{b+c}\)=\(\frac{a+a}{a+a}+\frac{b+b}{b+b}+\frac{c+c}{c+c}+\frac{d+d}{d+d}\)=1+1+1+1=4
Vậy M=4
\(\frac{b+c+d}{a}=\frac{c+d+a}{b}=\frac{d+a+b}{c}=\frac{a+b+c}{d}=\frac{3\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}=3\)
Vậy 3a= b+c+d 3b=c+d+a 3c=d+a+b 3d=a+b+c
Suy ra a=b=c=d
Thay vào ta có M=1+1+1+1=4
BẤM ĐÚNG CHO MÌNH NHÉ
\(\frac{2a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+2b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+2c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+2d}{d}\)
TH1: Nếu a+b+c+d\(\ne\)0 thì theo tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{2a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+2b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+2c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+2d}{d}=\frac{2a+b+c+d+a+2b+c+d+a+b+2c+d+a+b+c+2d}{a+b+c+d}\)\(=\frac{5a+5b+5c+5d}{a+b+c+d}=\frac{5\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}=5\)
<=> \(2a+b+c+d=5a;a+2b+c+d=5b;a+b+2c+d=5c;a+b+c+2d=5d\)
<=>\(b+c+d=3a;a+c+d=3b;a+b+d=3c;a+b+c=3d\)
=>\(b+c+d+a+c+d=3a+3b\Leftrightarrow a+b+2c+2d=3a+3b\)
<=>\(2c+2d=2a+2b\Leftrightarrow2\left(c+d\right)=2\left(a+b\right)\Leftrightarrow c+d=a+b\)
Chứng minh tương tự ta được b+c=d+a ; c+d=a+b ; d+a=b+c
=>\(M=\frac{a+b}{c+d}+\frac{b+c}{d+a}+\frac{c+d}{a+b}+\frac{d+a}{b+c}=1+1+1+1=4\)
TH2: a+b+c+d=0
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b=-\left(c+d\right);b+c=-\left(a+b\right);c+d=-\left(a+b\right);d+a=-\left(b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{a+b}{c+d}+\frac{b+c}{d+a}+\frac{c+d}{a+b}+\frac{d+a}{b+c}=\frac{-\left(c+d\right)}{c+d}+\frac{-\left(d+a\right)}{d+a}+\frac{-\left(a+b\right)}{a+b}+\frac{-\left(b+c\right)}{b+c}=\left(-1\right)+\left(-1\right)+\left(-1\right)+\left(-1\right)=-4\)
Vậy ........................
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{d}{a}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{b+c+d+a}=1\) (vì a + b + c + d khác 0) nên a = b = c = d
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2a-b}{c+d}+\frac{2b-c}{d+a}+\frac{2c-d}{a+b}+\frac{2d-a}{b+c}=\frac{2a-a}{a+a}+\frac{2a-a}{a+a}+\frac{2a-a}{a+a}+\frac{2a-a}{a+a}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.4=2\)
\(\frac{a}{b+c+d}=\frac{b}{a+c+d}=\frac{c}{a+b+d}=\frac{d}{b+c+a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+d}{c}=\frac{b+c+a}{d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{b+c+d}{a}+1=\frac{a+c+d}{b}+1=\frac{a+b+d}{c}+1=\frac{b+c+a}{d}+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c=d\)
Xét \(a+b+c+d=0\) ta có :
\(a+b=-c-d;b+c=-a-d;c+d=-a-b;d+a=-b-c\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{a+b}{-a-b}+\frac{b+c}{-b-c}+\frac{c+d}{-c-d}+\frac{d+a}{-b-c}=-1-1-1-1=-4\)
Xét \(a+b+c+d\ne0\) ta có : \(a=b=c=d\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{a+a}{a+a}+\frac{a+a}{a+a}+\frac{a+a}{a+a}+\frac{a+a}{a+a}=1+1+1+1=4\)
Ta có với a,b,c,d là các số thực khác 0
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a-b+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b-c+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c-d}{d}=\frac{b+c+d-a}{a}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a-b+c+d}{b}+1=\frac{a+b-c+d}{c}+1=\frac{a+b+c-d}{d}+1=\frac{b+c+d-a}{a}+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c}{d}=\frac{b+c+d}{a}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+c+d}{b}=\frac{a+b+d}{c}=\frac{a+b+c}{d}=\frac{b+c+d}{a}=\frac{3\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}=3\)
Ta có M= \(\left(\frac{a+c+d}{b}\right)\left(\frac{a+b+d}{c}\right)\left(\frac{a+b+c}{d}\right)\left(\frac{b+c+d}{a}\right)\)
=> M= 3.3.3.3
=> M =81
Áp dụng TC cuae DTSBN ta có:
a-b+c+d/b = a+b-c+d/c = a+b+c-d/d = b+c+d-a/a = \(\frac{a-b+c+d+a+b-c+d+a+b+c-d+b+c+d-a}{b+c+d+a}=\frac{3\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}=3\)
=> a-b+c+d/b = 3 => a-b+c+d = 3b => a+c+d = 4b
a+b-c+d/c = 3 => a+b-c+d = 3c => a+b+d = 4c
a+b+c-d/d = 3 => a+b+c-d = 3d => a+b+c = 4d
b+c+d-a/a = 3 => b+c+d-a = 3a => b+c+d = 4a
=> M = \(\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b+d\right)\left(b+c+d\right)\left(c+d+a\right)}{abcd}=\frac{4d.4c.4a.4b}{abcd}=\frac{256abcd}{abcd}=256\)
Vậy M = 256
\(\frac{b+c+d}{a}=\frac{c+d+a}{b}=\frac{d+a+b}{c}=\frac{a+b+c}{d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{b+c+d}{a}+1=\frac{c+d+a}{b}+1=\frac{d+a+b}{c}+1=\frac{a+b+c}{d}+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b+c+d}{a}=\frac{b+c+d+a}{b}=\frac{c+d+a+b}{c}=\frac{d+a+b+c}{d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c+d=0\\\frac{1}{a}=\frac{1}{b}=\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{d}\end{cases}}\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c+d=0\\a=b=c=d\end{cases}}\)..
Nếu \(a=b=c=d\): \(P=4\).
Nếu \(a+b+c+d=0\): \(P=-1-1-1-1=-4\).