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Ta có:
P = a + b + c ≤ a + b + a + b = 2(a + b) ≤ 2(-1) = -2
Ta cũng có:
P = a + b + c ≤ a + b + c - 2abc ≥ a + b + c - 2(-1)(-1)(-1) = -3
Vậy GTNN của P = -3 và GTLN của P = -2.
\(A=a^2+\dfrac{1}{16a^2}+b^2+\dfrac{1}{16b^2}+\dfrac{15}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}\right)\)
\(A\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2}{16a^2}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{b^2}{16b^2}}+\dfrac{15}{32}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)^2\)
\(A\ge1+\dfrac{15}{32}\left(\dfrac{4}{a+b}\right)^2\ge1+\dfrac{15}{32}.4\)
Lời giải:
$P=\frac{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2}{abc}$
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM, dạng $(x+y+z)^2\geq 3(xy+yz+xz)$ ta có:
$(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)^2\geq 3(a^2b^4c^2+a^4b^2c^2+a^2b^2c^4)$
$=3a^2b^2c^2(a^2+b^2+c^2)=3a^2b^2c^2$
$\Rightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\geq \sqrt{3}abc$
$\Rightarrow P=\frac{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2}{abc}\geq \sqrt{3}$
Vậy $P_{\min}=\sqrt{3}$. Giá trị này đạt tại $a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}$
C = a 2 − a a + a + 1 − a 2 + a a − a + 1 + a + 1 ( D K : a ≥ 0 ) C = a ( a ) 3 − 1 a + a + 1 − a ( a ) 3 + 1 a − a + 1 + a + 1 = a ( a − 1 ) − a ( a + 1 ) + a + 1 = a − a − a − a + a + 1 = a - 1 2
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{2}{3}a^2+\frac{3}{2}b^2\ge2ab\)
\(\frac{b^2}{2}+2c^2\ge2bc\)
\(3c^2+\frac{a^2}{3}\ge2ac\)
\(\Rightarrow2A\le a^2+2b^2+5c^2=22\Rightarrow A\le11\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow a=3;b=2;c=1\)
a − b = 29 + 12 5 − 2 5 = 3 + 2 5 2 − 2 5 = 3 A = a 3 − b 3 + a 2 + b 2 − 11 a b + 2015 = ( a − b ) ( a 2 + b 2 + a b ) + a 2 + b 2 − 11 a b + 2015 = 3 ( a 2 + b 2 + a b ) + a 2 + b 2 − 11 a b + 2015 = 4 ( a 2 − 2 a b + b 2 ) + 2015 = 4 a - b 2 + 2015 = 2051
\(P=2+\dfrac{2}{b}+a+\dfrac{a}{b}+2+\dfrac{2}{a}+b+\dfrac{b}{a}=\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)+\left(a+\dfrac{1}{2a}\right)+\left(b+\dfrac{1}{2b}\right)+\left(\dfrac{3}{2a}+\dfrac{3}{2b}\right)+4\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{a}}+2\sqrt{a.\dfrac{1}{2a}}+2\sqrt{b.\dfrac{1}{2b}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{2a}.\dfrac{3}{2b}}+4=6+2\sqrt{2}+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{ab}}\)
Ta lại có: \(a^2+b^2\ge2\sqrt{a^2.b^2}=2ab\left(BĐT.Cauchy\right)\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge4ab\Rightarrow\sqrt{ab}\le\dfrac{\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}}{2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge6+2\sqrt{2}+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{ab}}\ge6+2\sqrt{2}+\dfrac{3}{\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}=6+5\sqrt{2}\)
\(minP=6+5\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow a=b=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(A=\dfrac{a^2+a-1}{a^2+a+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(A-1\right)a^2+\left(A-1\right)a+A+1=0\)
Để PT theo nghiệm a có nghiệm thì
\(\Delta=\left(A-1\right)^2-4\left(A-1\right)\left(A+1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3A^2-2A+5\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{5}{3}\le A\le1\)
Vậy \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}max=1\\min=-\dfrac{5}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)