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Ta có:
\(M=\frac{1}{16x}+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{16x}+\frac{4}{16y}+\frac{16}{16z}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(1+2+4\right)^2}{16\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{49}{16}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi
\(\frac{1}{16x}=\frac{2}{16y}=\frac{4}{16z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{7}\\y=\frac{2}{7}\\z=\frac{4}{7}\end{cases}}\)
\(2xy+2x-5z=0\Leftrightarrow z=\frac{2xy+2x}{5}\)
Sau đấy bn thay z vào là ra
Ta có: \(2xy+2x-5z=0\Rightarrow z=\frac{2xy+2x}{5}\)
Thay \(z=\frac{2xy+2x}{5}\)vào A, ta được: \(A=x^2+2y^2+2xy+\frac{8}{5}y+\frac{2xy+2x}{5}+2=x^2+2y^2+\frac{12}{5}xy+\frac{8}{5}y+\frac{2}{5}x+2\)\(=\left(x^2+\frac{12}{5}xy+\frac{36}{25}y^2\right)+\frac{2}{5}\left(x+\frac{6}{5}y\right)+\frac{1}{25}+\left(\frac{14}{25}y^2+\frac{28}{25}y+\frac{14}{25}\right)+\frac{7}{5}\)\(=\left[\left(x+\frac{6}{5}y\right)^2+\frac{2}{5}\left(x+\frac{6}{5}y\right)+\frac{1}{25}\right]+\frac{14}{25}\left(y+1\right)^2+\frac{7}{5}\)\(=\left(x+\frac{6}{5}y+\frac{1}{5}\right)^2+\frac{14}{25}\left(y+1\right)^2+\frac{7}{5}\ge\frac{7}{5}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+\frac{6}{5}y+\frac{1}{5}=0\\y+1=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=-1\end{cases}}\Rightarrow z=0\)
\(M=\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{4}{y}+\dfrac{16}{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{2^2}{y}+\dfrac{4^2}{z}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge\dfrac{1}{16}\dfrac{\left(1+2+4\right)^2}{x+y+z}=\dfrac{1}{16}.\dfrac{49}{1}=\dfrac{49}{16}\)
\(\Rightarrow M_{min}=\dfrac{49}{16}\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+z=1\\\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{2}{y}=\dfrac{4}{z}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{7}\\y=\dfrac{2}{7}\\z=\dfrac{4}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{16}{2x+y+z}\le\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{2}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{2}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\left(2\right)\\\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{2}{z}\right)\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng (1), (2), (3) vế theo vế ta được:
\(\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\dfrac{4}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=\dfrac{4.4}{16}=1\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(A\leq 2xy.\frac{1}{9}(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y})+3yz.\frac{1}{9}(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z})+7xz.\frac{1}{9}(\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x})\)
\(=\frac{1}{9}(16x+7y+13z)=\frac{1}{9}.15=\frac{5}{3}\)
Vậy $A_{\max}=\frac{5}{3}$
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $x=y=z=\frac{5}{12}$