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e)
\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{3}\ge\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2ac-2bc\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\) ( luôn đúng)
=> ĐPCM
\(1a.A=\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-3}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+3}\right):\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}-3}=\dfrac{6}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}.\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-3}{3}=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+3}\) ( x ≥ 0 ; x # 9 )
\(b.A>\dfrac{1}{3}\) ⇔ \(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+3}>\dfrac{1}{3}\text{⇔}\dfrac{3-\sqrt{x}}{3\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}>0\)
⇔ \(3-\sqrt{x}>0\)
⇔ \(x< 9\)
Kết hợp ĐKXĐ , ta có : \(0\text{≤}x< 9\)
\(c.\) Tìm GTLN chứ ?
\(A=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+3}\text{≤}\dfrac{2}{3}\)
⇒ \(A_{MAX}=\dfrac{2}{3}."="x=0\left(TM\right)\)
\(a.VT=2\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{3}-2\right)+\left(1+2\sqrt{2}\right)^2-2\sqrt{6}=2\sqrt{6}-4\sqrt{2}+9+4\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{6}=9=VP\)Vậy , đẳng thức được chứng minh .
\(b.VT=\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3+2\sqrt{3}+1}+\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{3}+1}}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+1+\sqrt{3}-1}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{6}=VP\)Vậy , đẳng thức được chứng minh .
\(c.VT=\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{\left(2-\sqrt{5}\right)^2}}-\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{\left(2+\sqrt{5}\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{5}-2}-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{5}+2}=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{5}+2\right)-2\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)}{5-4}=8=VP\)Vậy , đẳng thức được chứng minh .
\(1.\sqrt{4+\sqrt{7}}-\sqrt{4-\sqrt{7}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{8+2\sqrt{7}}-\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{7}}}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{7}+1\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{7}-1\right)^2}}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{|\sqrt{7}+1|-|\sqrt{7}-1|}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{2}\)
\(3a.x+1-\dfrac{x-1}{3}< x-\dfrac{2x+3}{2}+\dfrac{x}{3}+5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{6\left(x+1\right)-2\left(x-1\right)}{6}< \dfrac{6x-3\left(2x+3\right)+2x+30}{6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x+6-2x+2< 6x-6x-9+2x+30\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x-2x-2x+6+2+9-30< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-13< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x< \dfrac{13}{2}\)
KL...............
\(b.5+\dfrac{x+4}{5}< x-\dfrac{x-2}{2}+\dfrac{x+3}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{150+6\left(x+4\right)}{30}< \dfrac{30x-15\left(x-2\right)+10\left(x+3\right)}{30}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow150+6x+24< 30x-15x+30+10x+30\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x-30x+15x-10x+150+24-30-30< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-19x+114< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x>6\)
KL..................
Câu 4 :
Ta có :
\(A=\dfrac{3}{1-x}+\dfrac{4}{x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{3}{1-x}+\dfrac{4}{x}\right)\left[\left(1-x\right)+x\right]\)
Theo BĐT Bu - nhi a - cốp xki ta có :
\(\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(ax+by\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{3}{1-x}+\dfrac{4}{x}\right)\left[\left(1-x\right)+x\right]\ge\left(\sqrt{\dfrac{3\left(1-x\right)}{1-x}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{4x}{x}}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{3}+2\right)^2=7+4\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu \("="\) xảy ra khi \(\dfrac{3}{\left(1-x\right)^2}=\dfrac{4}{x^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2=4x^2-8x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-8x+4=0\)
\(\Delta=64-16=48>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1=4+2\sqrt{3}\\x_2=4-2\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy GTNN của\(A=7+4\sqrt{3}\) khi \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x_1=4+2\sqrt{3}\\x_2=4-2\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 1:
Tìm max:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky ta có:
\(y^2=(3\sqrt{x-1}+4\sqrt{5-x})^2\leq (3^2+4^2)(x-1+5-x)\)
\(\Rightarrow y^2\leq 100\Rightarrow y\leq 10\)
Vậy \(y_{\max}=10\)
Dấu đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\frac{\sqrt{x-1}}{3}=\frac{\sqrt{5-x}}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{61}{25}\)
Tìm min:
Ta có bổ đề sau: Với $a,b\geq 0$ thì \(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\geq \sqrt{a+b}\)
Chứng minh:
\(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\geq \sqrt{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})^2\geq a+b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{ab}\geq 0\) (luôn đúng).
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $ab=0$
--------------------
Áp dụng bổ đề trên vào bài toán ta có:
\(\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{5-x}\geq \sqrt{(x-1)+(5-x)}=2\)
\(\sqrt{5-x}\geq 0\)
\(\Rightarrow y=3(\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{5-x})+\sqrt{5-x}\geq 3.2+0=6\)
Vậy $y_{\min}=6$
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix} (x-1)(5-x)=0\\ 5-x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=5\)
Bài 2:
\(A=\sqrt{(x-1994)^2}+\sqrt{(x+1995)^2}=|x-1994|+|x+1995|\)
Áp dụng BĐT dạng \(|a|+|b|\geq |a+b|\) ta có:
\(A=|x-1994|+|x+1995|=|1994-x|+|x+1995|\geq |1994-x+x+1995|=3989\)
Vậy \(A_{\min}=3989\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \((1994-x)(x+1995)\geq 0\Leftrightarrow -1995\leq x\leq 1994\)
Câu 1:
\(A=\dfrac{81x}{3-x}+\dfrac{3}{x}=\dfrac{81x}{3-x}+\left(\dfrac{3}{x}-1\right)+1=\dfrac{81x}{3-x}+\dfrac{3-x}{x}+1\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{81x}{3-x}.\dfrac{3-x}{x}}+1=18+1=19\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = 0,3
Câu 2:
\(\dfrac{1}{3x-2\sqrt{6x}+5}=\dfrac{1}{\left(3x-2\sqrt{6x}+2\right)+3}=\dfrac{1}{\left(x\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)^2+3}\le\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(x=\sqrt{\dfrac{2}{3}}\)
Câu 3:
\(A=2014\sqrt{x}+2015\sqrt{1-x}=2014\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}\right)+\sqrt{1-x}\)
Ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}\right)^2=x+1-x+2\sqrt{x\left(1-x\right)}=1+2\sqrt{x\left(1-x\right)}\ge1\)
=> \(A=2014\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{1-x}\right)+\sqrt{1-x}\ge2014+\sqrt{1-x}\ge2014\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = 1
Lời giải:
a)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM:
\(x^3+x^2+x+1\geq 4\sqrt[4]{x^3.x^2.x.1}=4\sqrt[4]{x^6}\)
\(\Rightarrow (x^3+x^2+x+1)^2\geq 16\sqrt{x^6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x^3+x^2+x+1)^2\geq 16x^3\) (đpcm)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=1\)
b)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\frac{b+c}{a}.1\leq \left(\frac{\frac{b+c}{a}+1}{2}\right)^2=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{b+c+a}{a}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{a}{b+c}\geq 4\left(\frac{a}{a+b+c}\right)^2\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{\frac{a}{b+c}}\geq \frac{2a}{a+b+c}\)
Thực hiện tương tự với cac phân thức còn lại và cộng theo vế thu được:
\(\sqrt{\frac{a}{b+c}}+\sqrt{\frac{b}{a+c}}+\sqrt{\frac{c}{a+b}}\geq \frac{2a+2b+2c}{a+b+c}=2\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi
\(\frac{b+c}{a}=\frac{c+a}{b}=\frac{a+b}{c}=1\Rightarrow a+b+c=2a=2b=2c\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c\Rightarrow \frac{b+c}{a}=2\neq 1\) (vô lý)
Do đó dấu bằng không xảy ra
Vì vậy: \(\sqrt{\frac{a}{b+c}}+\sqrt{\frac{b}{a+c}}+\sqrt{\frac{c}{a+b}}>2\)
1/
a/ \(\sqrt{12-6\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{21-12\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\sqrt{\left(3+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(3+2\sqrt{3}\right)^2}=3+\sqrt{3}-3-2\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{3}=-\sqrt{3}\)
b/ \(\sqrt{12}-\sqrt{27}=2\sqrt{3}-3\sqrt{3}=-\sqrt{3}\)
3/ \(C=\left(\dfrac{2x-10}{x}+\dfrac{5x+50}{x^2+5x}+\dfrac{x^2}{5x+25}\right):\dfrac{3x+15}{7}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{2\left(x-5\right)}{x}+\dfrac{5\left(x+10\right)}{x\left(x+5\right)}+\dfrac{x^2}{5\left(x+5\right)}\right)\cdot\dfrac{7}{3\left(x+5\right)}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{10\left(x+5\right)\left(x-5\right)}{5x\left(x+5\right)}+\dfrac{25\left(x+10\right)}{5x\left(x+5\right)}+\dfrac{x^3}{5x\left(x+5\right)}\right)\cdot\dfrac{7}{3\left(x+5\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{10x^2-250+25x+250+x^3}{5x\left(x+5\right)}\cdot\dfrac{7}{3\left(x+5\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3+10x^2+25x}{5x\left(x+5\right)}\cdot\dfrac{7}{3\left(x+5\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\left(x^2+10x+25\right)}{5x\left(x+5\right)}\cdot\dfrac{7}{3\left(x+5\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{7\left(x+5\right)^2}{5\left(x+5\right)\cdot3\left(x+5\right)}=\dfrac{7}{15}\)
3) \(C=\left(\dfrac{2x-10}{x}+\dfrac{5x+50}{x^2+5x}+\dfrac{x^2}{5x+25}\right):\dfrac{3x+15}{7}\)
\(C=\left(\dfrac{2x-10}{x}+\dfrac{5x+50}{x\left(x+5\right)}+\dfrac{x^2}{5\left(x+5\right)}\right):\dfrac{3x+15}{7}\)
\(C=\left[\dfrac{10\left(x+5\right)\left(x-5\right)}{5x\left(x+5\right)}+\dfrac{25\left(x+10\right)}{5x\left(x+5\right)}+\dfrac{x^3}{5x\left(x+5\right)}\right]:\dfrac{3x+15}{7}\)
\(C=\left[\dfrac{10\left(x^2-25\right)+25x+250+x^3}{5x\left(x+5\right)}\right]:\dfrac{3x+15}{7}\)
\(C=\left(\dfrac{10x^2-250+25x+250-x^3}{5x\left(x+5\right)}\right).\dfrac{7}{3\left(x+5\right)}\)
\(C=\dfrac{x\left(x+2.x.5+25\right)}{5x\left(x+5\right)}.\dfrac{7}{3\left(x+5\right)}=\dfrac{x\left(x+5\right)^2}{5x\left(x+5\right)}.\dfrac{7}{3\left(x+5\right)}=\dfrac{x+5}{5}.\dfrac{7}{3\left(x+5\right)}=\dfrac{7}{15}\)
Đặt \(\left(2\sqrt{a}-5;2\sqrt{b}-5;2\sqrt{c}-5\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x;y;z>0\\a=\left(\dfrac{x+5}{2}\right)^2\\b=\left(\dfrac{y+5}{2}\right)^2\\c=\left(\dfrac{z+5}{2}\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Q=\dfrac{\left(x+5\right)^2}{4y}+\dfrac{\left(y+5\right)^2}{4z}+\dfrac{\left(z+5\right)^2}{4x}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z+15\right)^2}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(Q\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+30\left(x+y+z\right)+225}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(Q\ge\dfrac{x+y+z}{4}+\dfrac{225}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}+\dfrac{15}{2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{225\left(x+y+z\right)}{16\left(x+y+z\right)}}+\dfrac{15}{2}=15\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=25\)
Áp dụng bđt hoán vị cho hai bộ số đơn điệu ngược chiều \(\left(a,b,c\right);\left(2\sqrt{a}-5,2\sqrt{b}-5,2\sqrt{c}-5\right)\): \(Q\ge\dfrac{a}{2\sqrt{a}-5}+\dfrac{b}{2\sqrt{b}-5}+\dfrac{c}{2\sqrt{c}-5}\).
Mặt khác ta có \(\dfrac{a}{2\sqrt{a}-5}-5=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-5\right)^2}{2\sqrt{a}-5}\ge0\).
Do đó \(Q\ge5+5+5=15\).
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a = b = c = 25.