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Ta có:
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b+c}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a\left(b+c\right)}}\ge\dfrac{2a}{a+b+c}\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{c+a}}\ge\dfrac{2b}{a+b+c}\\\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{a+b}}\ge\dfrac{2c}{a+b+c}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b+c}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{c+a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{a+b}}\ge\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)
Dễ thấy dấu = không thể xảy ra nên
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b+c}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{c+a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{a+b}}>2\)
Lời giải:
Đặt \((\sqrt{a}, \sqrt{b}, \sqrt{c})=(x,y,z)\). Bài toán trở thành
Cho $x,y,z$ dương thỏa mãn \(y^2\neq z^2; x+y\neq z; x^2+y^2=(x+y-z)^2\)
CMR: \(\frac{x^2+(x-z)^2}{y^2+(y-z)^2}=\frac{x-z}{y-z}\)
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Ta có:
\(x^2+y^2=(x+y-z)^2=[y+(x-z)]^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2=y^2+(x-z)^2+2y(x-z)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2=(x-z)^2+2y(x-z)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+(x-z)^2=2(x-z)^2+2y(x-z)=2(x-z)(x-z+y)\)
Tương tự:
\(y^2+(y-z)^2=2(y-z)^2+2x(y-z)=2(y-z)(y-z+x)\)
Do đó: \(\frac{x^2+(x-z)^2}{y^2+(y-z)^2}=\frac{2(x-z)(x-z+y)}{2(y-z)(y-z+x)}=\frac{x-z}{y-z}\)
Ta có đpcm.
a: \(a+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge2\sqrt{a\cdot\dfrac{1}{a}}=2\)
b: \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+a+1+1}{\sqrt{a^2+a+1}}>=2\)
=>\(\sqrt{a^2+a+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+a+1}}>=2\)(1)
\(\sqrt{a^2+a+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+a+1}}>=2\sqrt{\sqrt{a^2+a+1}\cdot\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+a+1}}}=2\)
nên (1) đúng
\(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\ge9\) ( x,y,z > 0) ( Link: Câu hỏi của ZoZ - Kudo vs Conan - ZoZ - Toán lớp 9 | Học trực tuyến)
Với: \(x=b+c,y=a+c,z=a+b\) ta được:
\(2\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\right)\ge9\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\right)\ge4,5\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+c}+\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b}\ge4,5\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b+c}+1+\dfrac{b}{a+c}+1+\dfrac{c}{a+b}+1\ge4,5\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+1+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+1=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:\(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b+2c}\)
\(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}\ge\dfrac{4\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+2c}-2\)(*)
Lại có: theo AM-GM:\(\sqrt{\dfrac{a+b}{2c}.1}\le\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{a+b+2c}{2c}=\dfrac{a+b+2c}{4c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{2c}{a+b}}\ge\dfrac{4c}{a+b+2c}\)(**)
từ (*) và (**),ta có:
\(VT\ge\dfrac{4\left(a+b+c\right)+4c}{a+b+2c}-2=\dfrac{4\left(a+b+2c\right)}{a+b+2c}-2=2\)(ĐpcM)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c>0
b) \(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}-\dfrac{2b}{a-b}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}-\dfrac{2b}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)-\sqrt{b}\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)-2b}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{a+\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{ab}+b-\sqrt{ab}+b-2b}{a-b}\)
\(=\dfrac{a}{a-b}\)
Bạn tham khảo cách chứng minh tại đây :
Câu hỏi của Nguyễn Huy Thắng - Toán lớp 10 | Học trực tuyến
Áp dụng : Theo BĐT \(AM-GM\) ta có :
\(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{abc}}\)
Nhân vế theo vế ta được :
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}.3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{abc}}=3.3.1=9\)
Dấu \("="\) xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
a) Sai đề.
\(\dfrac{a+b}{b^2}\sqrt[]{\dfrac{a^2b^4}{a^2+2ab+b^2}}=\dfrac{a+b}{b^2}.\dfrac{b^2\left|a\right|}{\left|a+b\right|}=\left|a\right|\)
b) Sai đề.
\(\dfrac{a\sqrt[]{b}+b\sqrt[]{a}}{\sqrt[]{ab}}:\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[]{a}-\sqrt[]{b}}=\dfrac{\sqrt[]{ab}\left(\sqrt[]{a}+\sqrt[]{b}\right)}{\sqrt[]{ab}}.\left(\sqrt[]{a}-\sqrt[]{b}\right)=a-b\)