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1.
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\dfrac{a}{2a+a+b+c}=\dfrac{a}{25}.\dfrac{\left(2+3\right)^2}{2a+a+b+c}\le\dfrac{a}{25}\left(\dfrac{2^2}{2a}+\dfrac{3^2}{a+b+c}\right)=\dfrac{2}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}\)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{b}{3b+a+c}\le\dfrac{2}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{b}{a+b+c}\)
\(\dfrac{c}{a+b+3c}\le\dfrac{2}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{c}{a+b+c}\)
Cộng vế:
\(VT\le\dfrac{6}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{3}{5}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
2.
Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{x-1}=a;\dfrac{y}{y-1}=b;\dfrac{z}{z-1}=c\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{x-1}=a\Rightarrow x=ax-a\Rightarrow a=x\left(a-1\right)\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{a}{a-1}\)
Tương tự ta có: \(y=\dfrac{b}{b-1}\) ; \(z=\dfrac{c}{c-1}\)
Biến đổi giả thiết:
\(xyz=1\Rightarrow\dfrac{abc}{\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow abc=\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=a+b+c-1\)
BĐT cần chứng minh trở thành:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2\left(a+b+c-1\right)\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
c, Ta có : a+b+c=0 ⇒ c=-(a+b)
⇒ a3+b3+c3= a3+b3-(a+b)3= x3+y3-(x3+3x2y+3xy2+y3)= x3+y3-x3-3x2y-3xy2-y3= -3x2y-3xy2= -3xy(x+y)= 3xyz(đpcm)
Câu a : Ta có :
\(x^3+x^2z+y^2z-xyz+y^3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3+y^3\right)+\left(x^2z-xyz+y^2z\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+z\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\left(x+y+z\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z=0\)
Câu b : Khai triển VT ta có :
\(VT=\left(a+b+c\right)^3-a^3-b^3-c^3=a^3+b^3+c^3+3\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)-a^3-b^3-c^3=3\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=VP\)
Câu c : Ta có :
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-bc-ca+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)
Luôn đúng vì \(a+b+c=0\)
bài 1
ab+bc+ca=0
=>ab+bc=-ca
ta có (a+b)(b+c)(c+a)/abc
=> (ab+ac+bc+b2)(c+a)/abc
=> (0+b2)(c+a)/abc
=>b2c+b2a/abc
=>b(ab+bc)/abc
=>b(-ac)/abc
=>-abc/abc=-1
Ta có:
\(=\dfrac{x}{6}+\dfrac{x}{6}+\dfrac{x}{6}+\dfrac{x}{6}+\dfrac{x}{6}+\dfrac{x}{6}+\dfrac{y^2}{6}+\dfrac{y^2}{6}+\dfrac{y^2}{6}+\dfrac{z^3}{6}+\dfrac{z^3}{6}\)
\(\ge11.\sqrt[11]{\dfrac{x^6}{6^6}.\dfrac{y^6}{6^3}.\dfrac{z^6}{6^2}}=11.\sqrt[11]{\dfrac{\left(xyz\right)^6}{6^{11}}}=11.\sqrt[11]{\dfrac{1}{6^{11}}}=\dfrac{11}{6}\)
Vậy GTNN là \(A=\dfrac{11}{6}\)đạt được khi \(x=y=z=1\)
PS: Bài này nhé. Bài trước nhầm 1 chỗ. Mà kệ đừng xem bài trước làm gì nhé e.
Ta có:
\(=\dfrac{x}{6}+\dfrac{x}{6}+\dfrac{x}{6}+\dfrac{x}{6}+\dfrac{x}{6}+\dfrac{x}{6}+\dfrac{y^2}{6}+\dfrac{y^2}{6}+\dfrac{y^2}{6}+\dfrac{z^3}{6}+\dfrac{z^3}{6}\)
\(\ge11.\sqrt[11]{\dfrac{x^6}{6^6}.\dfrac{y^6}{6^3}.\dfrac{z^6}{2^6}}=11.\sqrt[11]{\dfrac{\left(xyz\right)^6}{6^{11}}}=11.\dfrac{xyz}{6}=\dfrac{11}{6}\)
Vậy GTNN là \(A=\dfrac{11}{6}\)đạt được khi \(x=y=z=1\)
\(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)-3xyz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-z\left(x+y\right)+z^2\right]-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z=0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-z\\y+z=-x\\x+z=-y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(B=\dfrac{16.\left(-z\right)}{z}+\dfrac{3.\left(-x\right)}{x}-\dfrac{2019.\left(-y\right)}{y}=2019-19=2000\)
\(A=\dfrac{x^3+y^3+z^3}{xyz}=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)}{xyz}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(-z\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(-z\right)}{xyz}=3\)
Lời giải:
Đặt $\frac{1}{x}=a; \frac{1}{y}=b; \frac{1}{z}=c$ thì bài toán trở thành:
Cho $a+b+c=0$. Tính $\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{abc}$
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Ta có:
$a+b+c=0\Rightarrow a+b=-c$. Khi đó:
$\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{abc}=\frac{(a+b)^3-3ab(a+b)+c^3}{abc}$
$=\frac{(-c)^3-3ab(-c)+c^3}{abc}=\frac{-c^3+3abc+c^3}{abc}=\frac{3abc}{abc}=3$
Lời giải:
Sửa lại đề: Tính $A=\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{-abc}$
Do $a+b+c=0\Rightarrow a+b=-c$
Ta có:
$a^3+b^3+c^3=(a+b)^3-3ab(a+b)+c^3$
$=(-c)^3-3ab(-c)+c^3=-c^3+3abc+c^3=3abc$
Khi đó:
$A=\frac{3abc}{-abc}=-3$