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Ta có VP:
\(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+c^2\right)}}\)
Thay \(1=ab+bc+ca\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{\left(ab+bc+ca+a^2\right)\left(ab+bc+ca+b^2\right)\left(ab+bc+ca+c^2\right)}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{\left[b\left(a+c\right)+a\left(a+c\right)\right]\left[a\left(b+c\right)+b\left(b+c\right)\right]\left[b\left(a+c\right)+c\left(a+c\right)\right]}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{\left[\left(a+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\right]^2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{\left(a+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)
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Ta có VT:
\(\dfrac{a}{1+a^2}+\dfrac{b}{1+b^2}+\dfrac{c}{1+c^2}\)
Thay \(1=ab+ac+bc\)
\(=\dfrac{a}{ab+ac+bc+a^2}+\dfrac{b}{ab+ac+bc+b^2}+\dfrac{c}{ab+ac+bc+c^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{a}{a\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{b}{b\left(b+c\right)+a\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{c}{c\left(b+c\right)+a\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{a}{\left(a+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{b}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{c}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{a\left(b+c\right)}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{b\left(a+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{c\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{ab+ac+ab+bc+ac+bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2ab+2ac+2bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\cdot\left(ab+ac+bc\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}\left(ab+ac+bc=1\right)\)
Mà: \(VP=VT=\dfrac{2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{1+a^2}+\dfrac{b}{1+b^2}+\dfrac{c}{1+c^2}=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+c^2\right)}}\left(dpcm\right)\)
a) Theo bđt cauchy ta có:
\(a^3+b^3+b^3\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^3.b^6}=3ab^2\)
\(a^3+a^3+b^3\ge3a^2b\)
công vế theo vế ta có \(3\left(a^3+b^3\right)\ge3ab^2+3a^2b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+3\left(a^3+b^3\right)\ge a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(a^3+b^3\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^3\)
suy ra đpcm
ta luôn có \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+a^2+b^2\ge a^2+2ab+b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{4}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{2}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2^2}=\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\)
suy ra đpcm
Theo đề bài ta có :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=k\) ( 1 )
Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(k=\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\)
\(k^2=\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\) ( 2 )
Mà từ ( 1 ) = > \(k^2=\dfrac{a}{c}.\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{ab}{cd}\) ( 3 )
Từ ( 2 ) , ( 3 )
= > \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\) ( đpcm )
Bài 1:
Áp dụng t.c của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\\ =\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3=\dfrac{a^3}{b^3}=\dfrac{a.b.c}{b.c.d}=\dfrac{a}{d}\left(dpcm\right)\)
Bài 1:
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk; c=dk\)
Khi đó: \(\left\{\begin{matrix} \frac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\frac{2bk+5b}{3bk-4b}=\frac{b(2k+5)}{b(3k-4)}=\frac{2k+5}{3k-4}\\ \frac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}=\frac{2dk+5d}{3dk-4d}=\frac{d(2k+5)}{d(3k-4)}=\frac{2k+5}{3k-4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\frac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}\)
Ta có đpcm.
Bài 2:
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk; c=dk\)
Khi đó: \(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{bk.b}{dk.d}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{(bk)^2+b^2}{(dk)^2+d^2}=\frac{b^2(k^2+1)}{d^2(k^2+1)}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)
Do đó: \(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}(=\frac{b^2}{d^2})\) . Ta có đpcm.
Bài 1a):
Ta có:
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)=\left(a+b\right).\dfrac{a+b}{ab}=\dfrac{a^2+2ab+b^2}{ab}=\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{ab}+2\)
Lại có: (a - b)2 = a2 - 2ab + b2 \(\ge\) 0
\(\Rightarrow\) a2 + b2 \(\ge\) 2ab
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{ab}\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{ab}+2\ge4\)
Vậy \(\left(a+b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\ge4\)
Bài 2a):
Ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2=a-2\sqrt{ab}+b\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\)
Vậy ta có đpcm
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk,c=dk\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{bkb}{dkd}=\dfrac{b^2k}{d^2k}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}=\dfrac{b}{d}\left(1\right)\)
\(\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk-b\right)^2}{\left(dk-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{bk-b}{dk-d}=\dfrac{b\left(k-1\right)}{d\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\) và \(\left(2\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{b^2k}{d^2k}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\\ \dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk-b\right)^2}{\left(dk-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{b^2\left(k-1\right)^2}{d^2\left(k-1\right)^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}\)