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Ta có \(ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\)\(\Rightarrow3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\le3\Leftrightarrow abc\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{1+a^2\left(b+c\right)}\le\frac{1}{abc+a^2\left(b+c\right)}\)\(=\frac{1}{a\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\frac{1}{3a}\)
\(CMTT\Rightarrow\frac{1}{1+b^2\left(c+a\right)}\le\frac{1}{3b}\)
\(\frac{1}{1+c^2\left(a+b\right)}\le\frac{1}{3c}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{3a}+\frac{1}{3b}+\frac{1}{3c}\)\(=\frac{ab+bc+ca}{3abc}=\frac{1}{abc}\)
Ta có: \(\left(\left|x\right|-\left|y\right|\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2\ge2\left|xy\right|\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|\frac{2xy}{x^2+y^2}\right|\le1\)(*)
Lại có: \(\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(1-ab\right)^2=\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\)
Nên: \(\left|\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(1-ab\right)}{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)}\right|=\left|\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(1-ab\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(1-ab\right)^2}\right|\)
Áp dụng (*), ta có: \(\left|\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(1-ab\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(1-ab\right)^2}\right|\le\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(1-ab\right)}{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)}\right|\le\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{-1}{2}\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(1-ab\right)}{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)}\le\frac{1}{2}\) \(\left(đpcm\right)\)
1. Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy dạng Engle, ta có :
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{9}{a+b+c}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
\(\frac{1}{3}\left(a^3+b^3+a+b\right)+ab\le a^2+b^2+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2+1-ab\right)+ab\le a^2+b^2+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+1\right)\left(\frac{a+b}{3}-1\right)-ab\left(\frac{a+b}{3}-1\right)\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+1-ab\right)\left(\frac{a+b}{3}-1\right)\le0\)
Vì a, b dương \(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+1-ab>0\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a+b}{3}-1\right)\le0\Leftrightarrow a+b\le3\)
\(M=\frac{a^2+8}{a}+\frac{b^2+2}{b}=a+\frac{8}{a}+b+\frac{2}{b}=2a+2b+\frac{8}{a}+\frac{2}{b}-\left(a+b\right)\ge8+4-3=9\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho a ; b dương
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=2;b=1\)
Ta chứng minh
\(\frac{-1}{2}\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(1-ab\right)}{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a+b\right)\left(1-ab\right)+\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab-a-b-1\right)^2\ge0\)(đúng)
Tương tự cho trường hợp còn lại ta có ĐPCM
Với a,b là các số thực dương thỏa mãn ab+a + b = 1 .Suy ra 1 + a2 =ab + a + b + a2 = ( a+b) ( a + 1 )
1 + b2 = ab + a + b + b2 = (a + b) ( b + 1 )
Khi đó ta có :
\(vt=\frac{a}{1+a^2}+\frac{b}{1+b^2}=\frac{a}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+1\right)}+\frac{b}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+1\right)}=\frac{2ab+a+b}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}\)
\(\frac{1+ab}{\left(a+b\right)\left(ab+a+b+1\right)}=\frac{1+ab}{2\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(vp=\frac{1+ab}{\sqrt{2\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)}}=\frac{1+ab}{\sqrt{2\left(a+b\right)\left(a+1\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(b+1\right)}}\)
\(=\frac{1+ab}{\left(a+b\right)\sqrt{2\left(ab+a+b+1\right)}}=\frac{1+ab}{\left(a+b\right)\sqrt{2\left(1+1\right)}}=\frac{1+ab}{2\left(a+b\right)}\)
=> Đẳng thức được chứng minh
\(1+a^2=a^2+ab+bc+ca=\left(a+b\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
Tương tự, ta có: \(1+b^2=\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\)\(;\)\(1+c^2=\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{2}{\sqrt{\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+c^2\right)}}=\frac{2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\) ( do a, b, c dương )
\(\frac{a}{1+a^2}+\frac{b}{1+b^2}+\frac{c}{1+c^2}=\frac{a\left(b+c\right)+b\left(c+a\right)+c\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}=\frac{2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
...
Câu 2/
\(\frac{a^2+bc}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{b^2+ca}{b^2\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{c^2+ab}{c^2\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2+bc}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}-\frac{1}{a}+\frac{b^2+ca}{b^2\left(c+a\right)}-\frac{1}{b}+\frac{c^2+ab}{c^2\left(a+b\right)}-\frac{1}{c}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(b-a\right)\left(c-a\right)}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-b\right)}{b^2\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}{c^2\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4b^4+b^4c^4+c^4a^4-a^4b^2c^2-a^2b^4c^2-a^2b^2c^4\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4b^4+b^4c^4+c^4a^4\ge a^4b^2c^2+a^2b^4c^2+a^2b^2c^4\left(1\right)\)
Ma ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}a^4b^4+b^4c^4\ge2a^2b^4c^2\left(2\right)\\b^4c^4+c^4a^4\ge2a^2b^2c^4\left(3\right)\\c^4a^4+a^4b^4\ge2a^4b^2c^2\left(4\right)\end{cases}}\)
Cộng (2), (3), (4) vế theo vế rồi rút gọn cho 2 ta được điều phải chứng minh là đúng.
PS: Nếu nghĩ được cách khác đơn giản hơn sẽ chép lên cho b sau. Tạm cách này đã.
\(\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(b+1\right)^2}\ge\frac{1}{ab+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab^3-a^2b^2+a^3b-2ab+1\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(ab-1\right)^2\ge0\)đúng