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Ta có \(\dfrac{a}{2009}\)=\(\dfrac{b}{2010}\)=\(\dfrac{c}{2011}\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{2009}=\dfrac{b}{2010}=\dfrac{c}{2011}=\dfrac{c-a}{2011-2009}=\dfrac{c-a}{2}\left(1\right)\)
\(\dfrac{a}{2009}=\dfrac{b}{2010}=\dfrac{c}{2011}=\dfrac{a-b}{2009-2010}=\dfrac{a-b}{-1}\)(2)\(\dfrac{a}{2009}=\dfrac{b}{2010}=\dfrac{c}{2011}=\dfrac{b-c}{2010-2011}=\dfrac{b-c}{-1}\left(3\right)\)
Từ (1),(2),(3) \(_{\Rightarrow}\)\(\dfrac{c-a}{2}=\dfrac{a-b}{-1}=\dfrac{b-c}{-1}\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-c\right)^{ }2}{2^{ }2}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)}{-1}\times\dfrac{\left(b-c\right)}{-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-c\right)^2}{4}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\times\left(b-c\right)}{1}\Rightarrow4\left(a-b\right).\left(b-c\right)=\left(a-c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow M=4\left(a-b\right).\left(a-c\right)-\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
Vậy M = 0
đặt \(\dfrac{a}{2009}=\dfrac{b}{2010}=\dfrac{c}{2011}=k\) ta có:
\(\Rightarrow a=2009k\left(1\right)\\ \Rightarrow b=2010k\left(2\right)\\ \Rightarrow c=2011k\left(3\right)\)
thay 1;2;3 vào M ta có:
\(M=4\left(2009k-2010k\right)\left(2010k-2011k\right)-\left(2011k-2009k\right)^2\\ \Rightarrow M=4.\left(-k\right)\left(-k\right)-\left(2k\right)^2\\ \Rightarrow M=4k^2-\left(2k\right)^2\\ \Rightarrow M=\left(2k\right)^2-\left(2k\right)^2\\ \Rightarrow M=0\)Vậy M = 0
a: Đặt a/b=c/d=k
=>a=bk; c=dk
\(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{bk+b}{dk+d}\right)^2=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2+b^2}{d^2k^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
Do đó: \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)
b: \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{bk\cdot b}{dk\cdot d}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{bk-b}{dk-d}\right)^2=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\right)^2\)
b)\(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}\) và \(\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow1+\dfrac{a+b}{c}=1+\dfrac{b+c}{a}\)và \(1+\dfrac{b+c}{a}=1 +\dfrac{c+a}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{c}{c}+\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{a}{a}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}\)và \(\dfrac{a}{a}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{b}{b}+\dfrac{c+a}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{c}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a}\)và \(\dfrac{a+b+c}{a}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{c}-\dfrac{a+b+c}{a}=0\) \(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{1}{a}\right)=0\)
và \(\dfrac{a+b+c}{a}-\dfrac{a+b+c}{b}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{b}\right)=0\)
+) Vì a,b,c đôi một khác 0
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c=0\)
\(\rightarrow a+b=\left(-c\right)\)
\(\rightarrow a+c=\left(-b\right)\)
\(\rightarrow b+c=\left(-a\right)\)
+) Ta có:
\(M=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\cdot\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\cdot\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{a+b}{b}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{b+c}{a}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{c+a}{c}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{-c}{b}\cdot\dfrac{-a}{c}\cdot\dfrac{-b}{a}\)
\(=\left(-1\right)\)
Đặt \(\frac{a}{2013}=\frac{b}{2014}=\frac{c}{2015}=k\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=2013k\\b=2014k\\c=2015k\end{cases}}\)
Ta có: 4(a - b)(b - c) = 4(2013k - 2014k)(2014k - 2015k) = 4(-k)(-k) = 4k2 (1)
(c - a)2 = (2015k - 2013k)2 = (2k)2 = 4k2 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có đpcm
Đặt a2013 =b2014 =c2015 =k⇒{
| a=2013k |
| b=2014k |
| c=2015k |
Ta có: 4(a - b)(b - c) = 4(2013k - 2014k)(2014k - 2015k) = 4(-k)(-k) = 4k2 (1)
(c - a)2 = (2015k - 2013k)2 = (2k)2 = 4k2 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có đpcm