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\(m_{Zn}=60,5-28=32,5g\\
n_{Fe}=\dfrac{28}{56}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\
n_{Zn}=\dfrac{32,5}{65}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,5 0,5 0,5
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,5 0,5 0,5
\(V_{H_2}=\left(0,5+0,5\right).22,4=22,4\left(L\right)\\
m_{Mu\text{ối}}=\left(0,5.136\right)+\left(0,5.127\right)=131,5g\)
\(n_{Mg}=a;n_{Fe}=0,5a;n_{Zn}=b\\ a\left(24+28\right)+65b=52a+65b=44,2\\ 1,5a+b=\dfrac{24,64}{22,4}1,1\\ a=0,6;b=0,2\\ \%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{24a}{44,2}=32,58\%\\ \%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{28a}{44,2}=38\%\\ \%m_{Zn}=29,42\%\\ m_{ddacid}=\dfrac{98\left(1,5a+b\right)}{0,08}=1347,5g\\ m_{ddsau}=1389,5g\\ C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{95a}{1389,5}=4,10\%\\ C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{127.0,5a}{1389,5}=2,74\%\\ C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{136b}{1389,5}=1,96\%\)
a, \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
b, Ta có: 24nMg + 56nFe = 10,4 (1)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,2.24=4,8\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,5}=1,2\left(l\right)\)
a) Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
0,3<--0,6<-----------0,3
=> mMg = 0,3.24 = 7,2 (g)
=> mAg = 10,4 - 7,2 = 3,2 (g)
c) \(V_{dd.HCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,5}=1,2\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,3 0,3
\(m_{Mg}=0,3\cdot24=7,2g\Rightarrow m_{Ag}=10,4-7,2=3,2g\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,6mol\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,5}=1,2l\)
Đặt nAl = a (mol)
=> nMg = 2a (mol)
=> 27a + 24 . 2a = 15
=> a = nAl = 0,2 (mol)
nMg = 0,2 . 2 = 0,4 (mol)
mAl = 0,2 . 27 = 5,4 (g)
mMg = 0,4 . 24 = 9,6 (g)
%mAl = \(\dfrac{5,4}{15}=36\%\)
%mMg = 100% - 36% = 64%
PTHH:
2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,2 ---> 0,6 ---------------> 0,3
Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2
0,4 ---> 0,8 --------------> 0,4
=> VH2 = (0,3 + 0,4) . 22,4 =15,68 (l)
=> mHCl = (0,6 + 0,8) . 36,5 = 51,1 (g)
a)
Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
b)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
0,3<-----------------0,3
=> mMg = 0,3.24 = 7,2 (g)
=> mAg = 10,4 - 7,2 = 3,2 (g)
c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{7,2}{10,4}.100\%=69,23\%\\\%m_{Ag}=\dfrac{3,2}{10,4}.100\%=30,77\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{3,25}{65}=0,05mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,05 0,1 0,05 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12l\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,1.36,5=3,65g\)
\(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)3Fe+4H_2O\)
0,05 0,0375 ( mol )
\(m_{Fe}=0,0375.56=2,1g\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{15,68}{22,4}=0,7\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl}=200.27,375\%=54,75\left(g\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{54,75}{36,5}=1,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
a ----> 2a --------> a -----> a
Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
b ---> 2b -------> b ------> b
Hệ pt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65a+56b=43,7\\a+b=0,7\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,5\left(mol\right)\\b=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=0,5.65=32,5\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{dd}=43,7+200-0,7.2=242,3\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,5.136}{242,3}=28,06\%\\C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.127}{242,3}=10,48\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{\left(1,5-0,5.2-0,2.2\right).36,5}{242,3}=1,51\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{15,68}{22,4}=0,7\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Zn+H_2SO_4->ZnSO_4+H_2\\Fe+H_2SO_4->FeSO_{\text{ 4 }}+H_2\end{matrix}\right.\)
gọi số mol Zn là x , số mol Fe là y
=> 65x+56y=43,7
=> a+b=0,7
=>a=0,5 , b =0,2
=> \(m_{Zn}=0,5.65=32,5\\ m_{Fe}=43,7-32,5=11,2\left(G\right)\)
a) Gọi số mol Mg, Fe là a, b (mol)
=> 24a + 56b = 8 (1)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
a---->2a------>a------>a
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b--->2b------>b---->b
=> 2a + 2b = 0,4 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,1 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgCl_2}=0,1.95=9,5\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=a+b=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
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