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1)
$n_{Na_2O} = \dfrac{6,2}{62} = 0,1(mol)$
$Na_2O + H_2O \to 2NaOH$
$n_{NaOH} = 2n_{Na_2O} = 0,2(mol)$
$m_{dd} = 6,2 + 193,8 = 200(gam) \Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH} = \dfrac{0,2.40}{200}.100\% = 4\%$
2)
$n_{K_2O} = \dfrac{23,5}{94} = 0,25(mol)$
$K_2O + H_2O \to 2KOH$
$n_{KOH} = 2n_{K_2O} = 0,5(mol) \Rightarrow C_{M_{KOH}} = \dfrac{0,5}{0,5} = 1M$
3) $n_{Na_2O} = \dfrac{12,4}{62} = 0,2(mol)$
$Na_2O + H_2O \to 2NaOH$
$n_{NaOH} = 2n_{Na_2O} = 0,4(mol)$
$C_{M_{NaOH}} = \dfrac{0,4}{0,5} =0,8M$
4)
$Na_2SO_3 + 2HCl \to 2NaCl +S O_2 + H_2O$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{SO_2} = n_{Na_2SO_3} = \dfrac{12,6}{126} = 0,1(mol)$
$V_{SO_2} = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(lít)$
5) $n_{CaO} = \dfrac{5,6}{56} = 0,1(mol)$
$CaO + 2HCl \to CaCl_2 + H_2O$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{CaO} = 0,2(mol) \Rightarrow m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,2.36,5}{14,6\%} = 50(gam)$
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgO}=\dfrac{6}{40}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=0,05\cdot0,4=0,02\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{MgO}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaOH}=n_{NaCl}=n_{HCl}=0,02\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a=m_{NaOH}+m_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=0,02\cdot40+0,15\cdot58=9,5\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{50\cdot20\%}{40}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HNO_3}=\dfrac{84\cdot15\%}{63}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(NaOH+HNO_3\rightarrow NaNO_3+H_2O\)
Lập tỉ lệ :
\(\dfrac{0.25}{1}>\dfrac{0.2}{1}\Rightarrow NaOHdư\)
Vì : NaOH dư nên quỳ tím sẽ hóa xanh.
\(m_{dd}=50+84=134\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{NaNO_3}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH\left(dư\right)}=0.25-0.2=0.05\left(mol\right)\)
\(C\%_{NaNO_3}=\dfrac{0.2\cdot85}{134}\cdot100\%=12.68\%\)
\(C\%_{NaOH\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0.05\cdot40}{134}\cdot100\%=1.49\%\)
a, \(n_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{15}{60}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CH_3COOH+NaOH\rightarrow CH_3COONa+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CH_3COONa}=n_{CH_3COOH}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a=m_{CH_3COONa}=0,25.82=20,5\left(g\right)\)
b, \(m_{dd}=\dfrac{15}{2\%}=750\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{15}{60}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ NaOH+CH_3COOH\rightarrow CH_3COONa+H_2O\\a, n_{CH_3COONa}=n_{CH_3COOH}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ a=m_{CH_3COONa}=0,25.82=20,5\left(g\right)\\ b,m_{ddCH_3COOH}=\dfrac{15.100}{2}=750\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{12,4}{62}=0,2mol\)
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
0,2 \(\rightarrow\) 0,2 \(\rightarrow\) 0,4
\(C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,4}{\dfrac{500}{1000}}=0,8M\)
