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Gọi x, y lần lượt là sô mol của Fe và Mg
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
Fe + H2SO4 ---> FeSO4 + H2 (1)
Mg + H2SO4 ---> MgSO4 + H2 (2)
a. Theo PT(1): \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT(2): \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=y\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y=0,3\) (*)
Theo đề, ta có: 56x + 24y = 10.4 (**)
Từ (*) và (**), ta có HPT:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,3\\56x+24y=10,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right);m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8\left(g\right)\)
b. Ta có: \(n_{hh}=0,1+0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT(1,2): \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{hh}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Đổi 200ml = 0,2 lít
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5M\)
PTHH:
\(Zn+H_2SO_4--->ZnSO_4+H_2\)
\(Cu+H_2SO_4--\times-->\)
a. Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%_{m_{Zn}}=\dfrac{6,5}{19,3}.100\%=33,7\%\)
\(\%_{m_{Cu}}=100\%-33,7\%=66,3\%\)
b. Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Đổi 200ml = 0,2 lít
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)
c. Ta có: \(V_{dd_{ZnSO_4}}=V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=0,2\left(lít\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{ZnSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)
Gọi \(n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\)\(;n_{Zn}=y\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+65y=18,6\\2x+2y=2n_{H_2}=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot56}{18,6}\cdot100\%=30,11\%\)
\(\%m_{Zn}=100\%-30,11\%=69,89\%\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,4
\(n_{HCl}=0,2+0,4=0,6mol\)
\(C_M=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3M\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1(mol)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,2(mol)\\ a,C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2M\\ b,n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6(g)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cu}=20-5,6=14,4(g)\\ c,\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{20}.100\%=28\%\\ \%m_{Cu}=100\%-28\%=72\%\)
$a\big)$
$Zn+2CH_3COOH\to (CH_3COO)_2Zn+H_2$
$ZnO+2CH_3COOH\to (CH_2COO)_2Zn+H_2O$
Theo PT: $n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=\frac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2(mol)$
$\to \%m_{Zn}=\frac{0,2.65}{21,1}.100\%\approx 61,61\%$
$\to \%m_{ZnO}=100-61,61=38,39\%$
$b\big)$
$n_{ZnO}=\frac{21,1-0,2.65}{81}=0,1(mol)$
Theo PT: $\sum n_{CH_3COOH}=2n_{Zn}+2n_{ZnO}=0,6(mol)$
$\to C_{M_{CH_3COOH}}=\dfrac{0,6}{\frac{200}{1000}}=3M$
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)
\(Zn+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Zn+H_2\)
0,2 0,2 ( mol )
\(m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13g\)
\(\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{21,1}.100=61,61\%\)
\(\%m_{ZnO}=100\%-61,61\%=38,39\%\)
\(Zn+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Zn+H_2\)
0,2 0,4 ( mol )
\(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{21,1-13}{81}=0,1mol\)
\(ZnO+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Zn+H_2O\)
0,1 0,2 ( mol )
\(C_{M\left(CH_3COOH\right)}=\dfrac{0,4+0,2}{0,2}=3M\)
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,2 0,4 0,2
b) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Cu}=16-11,2=4,8\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2.2}{1}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
____0,15<--0,3<--------------0,15
=> mFe = 0,15.56 = 8,4 (g)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Fe=\dfrac{8,4}{21,2}.100\%=39,62\%\\\%Cu=\dfrac{21,2-8,4}{21,2}.100\%=60,38\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) mHCl = 0,3.36,5 = 10,95(g)
=> \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{10,95.100}{3,65}.100\%=300\left(g\right)\)
a) \(Mg+H_2SO_4\xrightarrow[]{}MgSO_4+H_2\\ Zn+H_2SO_4\xrightarrow[]{}ZnSO_4+H_2\)
b) Gọi x, y là số mol Mg và Zn
⇒ \(n_{H_2}=x+y=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có hpt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+65y=5,65\\x+y=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ \(x=0,1\\ y=0,05\)
\(\%^m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1.24}{5,65}.100=42,48\%\)
\(\%^m_{Zn}=100-42,48=57,52\%\)
c) 100ml=0,1l
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,1}=1,5\left(M\right)\)
\(H_2SO_4\) loãng hay đặc?