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nH2 = 13,44/22,4 = 0,6 (mol)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Mol: 0,4 <--- 0,6 <--- 0,2 <--- 0,6
mAl = 0,4 . 27 = 10,8 (g)
nO2 = 11,2/22,4 = 0,5 (mol)
PTHH: 2H2 + O2 -> (t°) 2H2O
LTL: 0,6/2 < 0,5 => O2 dư
VO2 (p/ư) = 13,44/2 = 6,72 (l)
VO2 (dư) = 11,2 - 6,72 = 4,48 (l)
nH2O = 0,6 (mol)
mH2O = 0,6 . 18 = 10,8 (g)
a.\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6mol\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,4 0,6 ( mol )
\(m_{Al}=0,4.27=10,8g\)
b.\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5mol\)
\(2H_2+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2H_2O\)
0,6 < 0,5 ( mol )
0,6 0,3 0,6 ( mol )
\(V_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,5-0,3\right).22,4=4,48l\)
\(m_{H_2O}=0,6.18=10,8g\)
nH2 = \(\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}\)= 0,6 (mol)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Mol: 0,4 <--- 0,6 <--- 0,2 <--- 0,6
mAl = 0,4 . 27 = 10,8 (g)
nO2 = 11,2/22,4 = 0,5 (mol)
PTHH: 2H2 + O2 -to> 2H2O
=> O2 dư
VO2 pứ = 13,44/2 = 6,72 (l)
VO2 dư = 11,2 - 6,72 = 4,48 (l)
nH2O = 0,6 (mol)
mH2O = 0,6 . 18 = 10,8 (g)
\(2Zn+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2ZnO\)
a/ \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Lập tỉ lệ :
\(\dfrac{n_{Zn}}{2}< n_{O_2}\)
=> \(O_2\) dư , Zn phản ứng hết
b/ \(n_{ZnO}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{ZnO}=16,2\left(g\right)\)
c/ Cần bổ sung Zn để phản ứng xảy ra hoàn toàn
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{V}{24,79}=\dfrac{5,6}{24,79}\approx0,23\left(mol\right)\\ n_P=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{3,1}{31}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)
4 5 2
0,1 0,125 0,05
a. Tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{4}< \dfrac{0,12}{5}\Rightarrow O_2\) dư và dư \(0,025-0,024=0,001\left(mol\right)\\ m_{O_2}=n.M=0,001.\left(16.2\right)=0,032\left(g\right)\)
b. \(m_{P_2O_5}=n.M=0,05.\left(31.2+16.5\right)=7,1\left(g\right).\)
\(n_P=\dfrac{3,1}{31}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{22,4}{22,4}=1\left(mol\right)\\ 4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{^{to}}2P_2O_5\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,1}{4}< \dfrac{1}{5}\Rightarrow O_2dư\\ n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=1-\dfrac{5}{4}.0,1=0,875\left(mol\right)\\ m_{O_2}=0,875.32=28\left(g\right)\\ n_{P_2O_5}=\dfrac{2}{4}.0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ m_{P_2O_5}=0,05.142=7,1\left(g\right)\)
\(n_P=\dfrac{3,1}{31}=0,1\left(mol\right);n_{O_2}=\dfrac{22,4}{22,4}=1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 4P + 5O2 ---to→ 2P2O5
Mol: 0,1 0,125 0,05
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,1}{4}< \dfrac{1}{5}\) ⇒ P hết, O2 dư
\(m_{O_2dư}=\left(1-0,125\right).32=28\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{P_2O_5}=0,05.142=7,1\left(g\right)\)
a/ Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4.48}{22.4}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)
4 5
x 0.2
\(=>x=\dfrac{4\cdot0.2}{5}=0.16=n_P\)
\(=>m_P=0.16\cdot31=4.96\left(g\right)\) hay a=4.96
b/ PTHH:
\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)
4 2
0.16 y
\(=>y=\dfrac{0.16\cdot2}{4}=0.08=n_{P_2O_5}\)
\(=>m_{P_2O_5}=0.08\cdot\left(31\cdot2+16\cdot5\right)=11.36\left(g\right)\)
a/ Ta có: \(n_S=\dfrac{0.32}{32}=0.01\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(S+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}SO_2\)
1 1
0.01 x
\(=>x=\dfrac{0.01\cdot1}{1}=0.01=n_{O_2}\)
\(=>V_{O_2}=0.01\cdot22.4=0.224\left(l\right)\)
b/ PTHH:
\(S+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}SO_2\)
1 1
0.01 y
\(=>y=\dfrac{0.01\cdot1}{1}=0.01=n_{SO_2}\)
\(=>m_{SO_2}=0.01\cdot\left(32+16\cdot2\right)=0.64\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
a) Dung dịch X là AlCl3
Khí Y là hidro
Chất rắn Z là Ag
Vì Ag không p/ứ với HCl \(\Rightarrow m_{Ag}=2\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=0,4\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,4\cdot27=10,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{10,8+2}\cdot100\%=84,375\%\\\%m_{Ag}=15,625\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Bạn bổ sung thêm đề !!
a. \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : 2Mg + O2 -> 2MgO
0,2 0,1 0,2
Xét tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,3}{1}\) => Mg đủ , O2 dư
\(m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,3-0,1\right).32=6,4\left(g\right)\)
b) \(m_{MgO}=0,2.40=8\left(g\right)\)
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{O_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(4Al+3O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{4}< \dfrac{0,6}{3}\Rightarrow\) O2 dư
b) Theo PT: \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
`=> m_{Al_2O_3} = 0,1.102 = 10,2 (g)`