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a) Khí A : Cacbon đioxit
b) $CaCO_3 + 2HCl \to CaCl_2 + CO_2 + H_2O$
$n_{CO_2} = \dfrac{448}{1000.22,4} = 0,02(mol)$
Theo PTHH : $n_{HCl} = 2n_{CO_2} = 0,04(mol)$
$C_{M_{HCl}} = \dfrac{0,04}{0,2} = 0,2M$
c) $n_{CaCO_3} = n_{CO_2} = 0,02(mol)$
$\%m_{CaCO_3} = \dfrac{0,02.100}{5}.100\% = 40\%$
$\%m_{CaSO_4} = 100\% - 40\% = 60\%$
PTHH\(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+H_2O+CO_2\)
tl............1................2.............2.............1.............1..(mol
br 0,1.................0,2......................................0,1(mol)
NaCl không phản ứng đc vsHCl
b)\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{MHCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5\left(M\right)\)(đổi 400ml=0,4(l))
c)\(Tacom_{Na_2CO_3}=0,1.106=10,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{10,6}{20}.100=53\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%mNaCl=100\%-53\%=47\%\)
PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=0,3\left(mol\right)=n_{ZnCl_2}\\n_{HCl}=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0.3\cdot65}{35,5}\cdot100\%\approx54,93\%\\\%m_{Cu}=45,07\%\\C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6\cdot36,5}{500}\cdot100\%=4,38\%\\m_{ZnCl_2}=0,3\cdot136=40,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cu}=35,5-0,3\cdot65=16\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,3\cdot2=0,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{KL}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{Cu}-m_{H_2}=518,9\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{40,8}{518,9}\cdot100\%\approx7,86\%\)
a)
$CaCO_3 + 2HCl \to CaCl_2 + CO_2 + H_2O$
$n_{CaCO_3} = n_{CO_2} = \dfrac{672}{1000.22,4} = 0,03(mol)$
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{CO_2} = 0,06(mol)$
$\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}} = \dfrac{0,06}{0,2} = 0,3M$
b)
$\%m_{CaCO_3} = \dfrac{0,03.100}{5}.100\% = 60\%$
$\%m_{CaSO_4}= 100\% -60\% = 40\%$
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,2<--0,4<------0,2<-----0,2
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.65}{21,1}.100\%=61,61\%\\\%m_{ZnO}=100\%-61,61\%=38,39\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{21,1-0,2.65}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: ZnO + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2O
0,1---->0,2------>0,1
=> \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,2+0,4\right).36,5}{200}.100\%=10,95\%\)
\(m_{mu\text{ố}i}=m_{ZnCl_2}=\left(0,1+0,2\right).136=40,8\left(g\right)\)
nCO2 = \(\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Pt: CaCO3 + 2HCl --> CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
.....0,3 mol<-0,6 mol<------------0,3 mol
C% dd HCl đã dùng = \(\dfrac{0,6\times36,5}{300}.100\%=7,3\%\)
% mCaCO3 = \(\dfrac{0,3\times100}{50}.100\%=60\%\)
% mCaSO4 = 100% - 60% = 40%